1. Prologue
2. Essential (Free) softwares and instructions
3. Download links
4. Index of B.A. Public Administration
   1. BPAE-102 Indian Administration
   2. EPA-01 Administrative Theory
   3. EPA-03 Development Administration
   4. EPA-04 Personnel Administration
   5. EPA-05 Financial Administration
   6. EPA-06 Public Policy
5. Index of M.A. Public Administration
   1. MPA-011 State, Society and Public Administration
   2. MPA-012 Administrative Theory
   3. MPA-013 Public Systems Management
   4. MPA-014 Human Resource Management
   5. MPA-015 Public Policy and Analysis
   6. MPA-016 Decentralisation and Local Governance
   7. MPA-017 Electronic Governance
   8. MPA-018 Disaster Management
   9. MPS-003 India Democracy and Development 
6. Syllabus PubAd Paper 1 (Theory)
7. Syllabus PubAd Paper 2 (Indian Administration)

Prologue

Just scroll down to download links, if you don’t want to hear my undiplomatic Pravachan hahaha.

• “Public Administration is best for working professionals, it is very easy, can be taken by graduate from any stream, can be managed in a few months, has lot of synergy with general studies blah blah blah”….this is a common sales pitch is used by coaching sirs to get new customers.
• Now that UPSC reformed the General studies syllabus for mains, they’re making even higher claims about Public Administration vs GS synergy, with specific emphasis on the newly introduced ethics paper, as if all the 1000 vacancies are reserved for Public Administration candidates only.
• Anyways, they have to paint rosy good picture, because some of them have families to feed and some of them just want to mint truckload of cash beyond what is necessary to maintain an upper-middleclass life style. Same goes geography, sociology, political science, anthropology etc.
• Yes, the length of syllabus, synergy with GS, availability of books and guidance, graduation background….all those factors should be considered before picking up a subject but don’t pick up a subject only based on somebody’s pitch.

• Public Administration used to be the perfect wife so UPSC decided to play Lalita Pawar in CSE 2012- in terms of unpredictable questions, merciless evaluation and scaling. Many sincere candidates ended up with ridiculously low two-digit scores.
• But whether you should keep Public Administration or leave her, that decision should not be made on the statistical inference from the two-digit scores in CSE-2012 alone, because there is no guarantee that UPSC won’t play Lalita Pawar again when you get a new bride (sociology, political science etc.) in 2013.
• Besides, despite what happened in CSE-2012, there are toppers in the final list, with Public Administration optional and same will happen in CSE-2013 as well.
• My point being: One should be careful about optionals just like in marriage and divorce. Decisions should not be made in haste during the heat of anger or passion or at the insistence of a third party.
• X subject is good because 50 people were selected from there, and Y subject is bad because only 20 people were selected: please don’t use that criteria for subject selection. All you need and all you can occupy is just one seat in the final merit list. UPSC is not about statistics of masses, it’s about an individual’s determination, perseverance, hard work and of course, good luck.
• UPSC’s treatment to Public Administration could be seen as an attempt to reduce the monopoly held by Public Administration, geography etc. in the final merit list and to promote “inclusive growth and equal opportunity” to candidates from unpopular technical subjects. (btw, @UPSC Chairman: where were you sleeping all these years when technical subjects were given step motherly treatment and coaching classes flourished like an algal bloom? How about retrospective justice, compensation or at least an apology to those retired players from odd-technical subjects who suffered at the hands of UPSC’s scaling in the previous years!)
• Anyways, to survive in the present environment of UPSC, one should expand his reading; maintain, update and revise his notes on regular basis; and practice answer writing. So far as Public Administration goes, IGNOU still has its uses, so here I’ve compiled its BA, MA (direct downloads for full sets, no registration needed) + notes of three toppers + last 34 years papers of Public Administration (1979-2012).

Essential (Free) softwares and instructions

1. Majority of these PDF files provides direct copying of text. => That means you can use Mrunal’s autonotemaker to quickly make notes and mindmaps out of it, just use mouse cursor to highlight a particular line /phrase and my software will copy its text in a separate file. for more instructions click me
2. Foxit PDF reader. (necessary prerequisite for using Mrunal’s autonotemaker) click me
3. 7-zip (for unzipping the files) click me. Reason for using 7zip, because it provides extreme level of compression. MA Public Policy set is almost 70MB but 7zip compressed it down to just 9MB.

Download links for free study material

Now here is the index and syllabus of BA and MA course + official syllabus of UPSC Public Administration Mains.

Index of B.A. Public Administration

BPAE-102 Indian Administration

1. Administrative System at the Advent of British Rule
2. British Administration- 1757-1858
3. Reforms in British Administration- 1858 to 1919
4. Administrative System under 1935 Act
5. Continuity and Change in Indian Administration- Post 1947
6. Constitutional Framework
7. Central Secretariat- Organisation and Functions
8. Prime Minister’s Office and Cabinet Secretariat
9. Union Public Service Commission-Selection Commission
10. Planning Process
11. All India and Central Services
12. Constitutional Profile of State Administration
13. State Secretariat- Organisation and Functions
14. Patterns of Relationship Between the Secretariat and Directorates
15. State Services and Public Service Commission
16. Field Administration
17. District Collector
18. Police Administration
19. Municipal Administration
20. Panckayati Raj
21. Socio-Cultural Factors and Administration
22. Redressal of Public Grievances
23. Administrative Tribunals
24. Judicial Administration
25. Centre- State Administrative Relationship
26. Decentralisation Debate
27. Relationship Between Political and Permanent Executives
28. Pressure Groups
29. Generalists and Specialists
30. Administrative Reforms

EPA-01 Administrative Theory

1. Public Administration – Meaning and Scope
2. Importance of Public Administration
3. Public Administration and other Social Sciences
4. Evolution of Public Administration
5. Comparative Public Administration
6. Development Administration
7. New Public Administration
8. Classical Approach-Luther Gulick and Lyndall Urwick
9. Scientific Management-F.W. Taylor
10. Human Relations Approach-Elton Mayo
11. System Approach-Chester Barnard
12. Behavioural Approach-Herbert Simon
13. Social Psychological Approach-Douglas McGregor and Abraham Maslow
14. Ecological Approach-Fred. W. Riggs
15. Meaning of Bureaucracy
16. Max Weber
17. Karl Marx
18. Representative Bureaucracy
19. Issues in Bureaucracy
20. Formal and Informal Organisations
21. Division of Work and Coordination
22. Hierarchy
23. Span of Control
24. Unity of Command
25. Centralisation and Decentralisation
26. Delegation
27. Supervision
28. Communication
29. Administrative Planning
30. Authority and Responsibility
31. Leadership
32. Chief Executive
33. Line Agencies
34. Staff and Auxiliary Agencies
35. Budgeting
36. Accountability
37. Citizen and Administration
38. Organisational Effectiveness
39. Administrative Theory-An Evaluation

EPA-03 Development Administration

1. Development Administration – Concept and Meaning
2. Scope and Significance
3. Evolution
4. Growth of Development Administration
5. Indias Socio-economjc Profile at Independence
6. Mixed Economy Model and hs Rationale and Significance
7. Role of Planning
8. Goals of Development
9. Planning Commission and National Development Council
10. State Planning Machinery
11. District Planning
12. Grass Roots Planning
13. Role of Bureaucracy
14. Colonial Heritage of Indian Bureaucracy
15. Social Background of Indian Bureaucracy
16. Neutral vs Committed Bureaucracy
17. Bureaucrats and Politicians and their Relationship
18. Enhancing Bureaucratic Capability
19. Concept of Democratic Decentralisation
20. Evolution and Role of Panchayati Raj
21. Emerging Patterns of Panchayati Raj
22. Problems and Prospects of Panchayati Raj
23. Role of Voluntary Agencies
24. Co-operatives and Development
25. Specialised Agencies for Development
26. Evolution and Expansion of Public Sector
27. Forms of Public Enterprise
28. Role of Development Corporations
29. Administrative Problems of Public Sector

EPA-04 Personnel Administration

1. Concept, Nature and Scope of Personnel Administration
2. Functions and Significance of Personnel Administration
3. Public Services and their Role in Administrative System
4. Characteristics of Public Personnel Administration in India
5. Civil Service in the Context of Modern Bureaucracy
6. Bases of Bureaucracy
7. Development of Public Services in India
8. Classification of Services (Cadres)
9. Generalists and Specialists
10. Personnel-UPSC-SPSC-SSC
11. Central and State Training Institutes
12. Administrative Tribunals
13. Career Planning and Development
14. Personnel Policy
15. Recruitment (Reservation in Services)
16. Promotion
17. Training
18. Performance Appraisal
19. Salary Administration (Including Incentives & Other Benefits)
20. Conduct and Discipline
21. Administrative Ethics and Integrity in Civil Services
22. Employee Unions
23. Joint Consultative Machinery
24. Rights Of Public Servants
25. Motivation And Morale

EPA-05 Financial Administration

1. Nature and Scope of Financial Administration
2. Objectives and Principles of Financial Administration
3. Mixed Economy
4. Centre-State Financial Relations-I
5. Centre-State Financial Relations-II
6. Fiscal Policy, Equity and Social Justice
7. Government Budgeting – Principles and Functions
8. Indian Budgetary System
9. Classification of Government Expenditure
10. Public Expenditure- Theories and Growth
11. Performance Budgeting
12. Zero Base Budgeting
13. Sources of Revenue – Tax and Non-Tax
14. Deficit Financing
15. Public Debt Management and Role of Reserve Bank of India
16. Financial Appraisal
17. Economic and Social Appraisal
18. Legislative Control
19. System of Financial Committees
20. Executive Control
21. Accounting System in India
22. Auditing System in India
23. Role of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG)
24. Financial Administration of Public Enterprises
25. Financial Autonomy and Accountability of Public Enterprises
26. Financial Administration of Urban Governments
27. Financial Administration of Rural Governments

EPA-06 Public Policy

1. Public Policy – Meaning And Nature
2. Policy Cycle – Constraints in Policy Making
3. Contextual Setting of Public Policy Making
4. Importance of Public Policy Study – Modern Context
5. Emerging Discipline of Policy Sciences
6. Inter-Govermental Relations
7. Role of Political Executive
8. Role of Bureaucracy
9. Role of Legislature
10. Role of judiciary
11. Interaction Amongst Various Organs
12. Case Study of The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act 1976-I
13. Case Study of The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act 1976-II
14. Interest Groups and Policy-Making
15. Political Parties and Policy- Making
16. Mass Media
17. Socail Movements
18. International Agencies
19. Role of Governmental Agencies in Policy Implementation-I
20. Role of Government Agencies in Policy Implementation-II
21. Role of Non-governmental Agencies in Policy Implementation
22. Policy Implementation Problems
23. Land Reforms
24. Anti-poverty Programmes
25. Industrial Policy
26. Panchayati Raj (Rural Development)
27. Policy Impact and Evaluation
28. Policy Making Approaches and Models of Policy Analysis
29. Policy Analysis- An Overview

Index of M.A. Public Administration

MPA-011 State, Society and Public Administration

1. Nature of State
2. Relationship among State, Society and Public Administration
3. Changing Role of the State- Issues and Challenges
4. Liberal and Marxist Perspective of the State
5. Neo-liberal Perspective
6. Gandhian Perspective
7. Interface between Citizens and Administration
8. Democratic Peoples Struggle- Case Studies
9. Changing Norms of Social Equity, Participation, Flexibility and Autonomy
10. Social Participation- Issues of Gender, Weaker Sections and Environment
11. Changing Nature of Indian State
12. Role of Bureaucracy in Policy Formulation, Implementation and Analysis
13. Contemporary Context of Indian Bureaucracy
14. Impact of Globalisation on Administration
15. Challenges to Traditional Bureaucratic Paradigm
16. Emerging Concepts- New Public Management, Reinventing Government and Business Process Reengineering
17. Concept of Good Governance
18. Governmental Institutions- Towards Reforms
19. Growing Role of Civil Society Organisations
20. Redefinition of Conflict Resolution
21. Ethical Concerns in Public Administration

MPA-012 Administrative Theory

1. Public Administration – Meaning, Nature and Scope and Importance
2. Nature and Typologies of Organisation
3. Development and Growth of Administrative Theories
4. Scientific Management Approach
5. Administrative Management Approach
6. Max Webers Theory of Bureaucracy
7. Critique of Bureaucracy
8. Human Relations Approach
9. Views of Herbert A. Simon on Decisoin-Making in an Organisation
10. Organisational Structure, Processes and Functioning
11. Socio-Psychological Approach- Views of Chris Argyris
12. Socio-Psychological Approach- Views of Abraham Maslow and Frederick Herzberg
13. Socio-Psychological Approach- Views of Doughlas Mcgregor and Victor Vroom
14. Open and Cooperative Systems
15. Systems Approach- Views of David Easton and Chester Barnard
16. Concept of Learning Organisation
17. New Organisational Culture
18. New Public Administration
19. Perspective of Public Choice
20. Pertinence of Critical Theory
21. New Public Management Perspective
22. State of Administrative Theory in 21st Century

MPA-013 Public Systems Management

1. Public Systems Management- Concept, Nature, Scope and Characteristics
2. Distinctiveness of Public Systems Management
3. Public Systems Management- Constitutional Context
4. Public Systems Management- Political Context
5. Public Systems Management- Socio-economic Context
6. New Technologies and Public Systems Management
7. Concept of Governance- An Introduction
8. Governance- Role of Bureaucracy and Political Executive
9. Governance- Role of the Legislature and the Judiciary
10. Inter-governmental Relations in the Process of Governance
11. Financial Management
12. Materials-Logistics Management
13. Strategic Management
14. Key Management Tools
15. Management Information System
16. Work Measurement
17. Selective Market Techniques
18. Future Designing Techniques
19. Accountability
20. Responsiveness in Public System Management
21. Transparency and Right to Information
22. Networking and Inter-institutional Coordination in Governance
23. Reforms and Change Management
24. Empowerment
25. Continuity and Change in Public Systems Management

MPA-014 Human Resource Management

1. Human Resource Management- Meaning, Nature, Scope and Significance
2. Strategic Human Resource Management
3. Human Resource Planning and Strategy
4. Job Analysis and Job Design
5. Recruitment, Selection, Appointment and Promotion
6. Performance Appraisal
7. Remuneration and Salary System
8. Rewards and Incentive Management
9. Employee Benefits
10. Training and Development
11. Redeployment and Reskilling
12. Learning and Development
13. Management Development
14. Employee Capacity Building Strategies
15. Total Quality Management
16. Employee Health and Safety
17. Human Resource Management and Employment Involvement
18. Human Resource Management and Industrial Relations
19. Discipline and Grievances
20. Assessing Human Resource Management Effectiveness
21. Human Resource Audit
22. Managing Change at the Work Place
23. Stress Management

MPA-015 Public Policy and Analysis

1. Understanding Public Policy
2. The Policy Cycle
3. Models of Public Policy
4. Importance of Public Policy- Contemporary Context
5. Policy Sciences
6. Role of Inter-Governmental Relations in Policy-Making
7. Role of Planning Commission and National Development Council in Policy Formulation
8. Role of Cabinet Secretariat and Prime Ministers Office in Policy-Making
9. Role of Civil Society Organisations in Policy-Making
10. Role of International Agencies in Policy-Making
11. Constraints in Public Policy Formulation
12. Public Policy- Implementation System and Models
13. Role of Various Agencies in Policy Implementation
14. Policy Implementation Problems
15. Monitoring of Public Policy-I
16. Monitoring of Public Policy-II
17. Understanding Policy Evaluation
18. Ascertaining Policy Impact
19. Policy Analysis
20. Policy Analysis- Methods and Techniques-I
21. Policy Analysis- Methods and Techniques-II
22. Policy Analysis- Optimisation Studies
23. Disinvestment Policy- A Case Study of India
24. Telecom Policy- A Case Study of India

MPA-016 Decentralisation and Local Governance

1. Concept, Evolution and Significance of Democratic Decentralisation
2. Contextual Dimensions of Democratic Decentralisation-1- Political, Constitutional and Administrative
3. Contextual Dimensions of Democratic Decentralisation-2- Social, Economic and Geographical
4. Understanding Decentralisation in Contemporary Settings
5. Components of Decentralised Development – I- Empowerment
6. Components of Decentralised Development – II- Socioeconomic and Politico-administrative
7. Components of Decentralised Development – III Equal Distribution of Benefits of Development
8. Partnership Among Different Levels of Government – I- Union and State Governments
9. Partnership Among Different Levels of Government – II- Local Authorities and Special Purpose Agencies
10. Partnership Between Local Government and Non-State Agencies-Actors
11. Impact of Decentralised Development
12. Evolution of Local Governance (Before 73rd & 74th) Amendment
13. Features Of 73rd and 74th constitutional Amendment
14. Organisational Structure of Rural Local Bodies
15. Organisational Structure of Urban Local Bodies
16. Intra-Local Government Relationship-I– Rural
17. Intra-Local Government Relationship- II- Urban
18. Development Planning- Nature and Scope
19. Micro Level Plans- Formulation and Implementation
20. Structural Reforms- Resources, Finances, Powers and Functions
21. Capacity Building of Grassroots Functionaries
22. Sustainable Development and Challenges to Decentralised Governance
23. Decentralisation- The Road Ahead

MPA-017 Electronic Governance

1. E-Governance- Concept and Significance
2. Information and Communication Technology- Concept and Components
3. ICTs- Roles and Applications
4. Role of ICT in Administration
5. Administrative Organisation Culture- Towards ICT Based Reforms
6. Role of ICT in Rural Development
7. Panchayati Raj Institutions- Improving Self- Governance Through ICT
8. E-Learning- Role of ICT in Education and Training
9. E-Commerce
10. Delivery of Citizen Services- Role of ICT
11. ICT in Indian Railways
12. Saukaryam- ICT Project in Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation, Andhra Pradesh
13. E-Seva- ICT Project in Self-Help in Andhra Pradesh
14. Information Policy- Right to Information Act 2005
15. ICT Implementation in Governance- Issues and Challenges

MPA-018 Disaster Management

1. Meaning and Classification of Disasters
2. Disaster Management Cycle
3. Disaster Management – Recent Trends
4. Disaster Preparedness- Indian Context
5. Disaster Prevention
6. Vulnerability Analysis and Risk Assessment
7. Resource Analysis and Mobilisation
8. Disaster Mitigation
9. Community Based Disaster Management
10. Search, Rescue and Evacuation
11. Temporary Shelter, Warehousing And Stockpiling
12. Distribution of Relief Material
13. Emergency Operation Centers
14. Damage Assessment
15. Rehabilitation and Reconstruction
16. Disasters and Development
17. First Responders
18. Disaster Manager
19. Disaster Management Strategies

MPS-003 India Democracy and Development

(It is a common course offered under IGNOU’s MA Socio and MA PubAD programs, and provides lot of useful fodder material for General studies and both optionals.)

1. National Movement
2. Development Models
3. Constitution And Social Transformation
4. Diversity
5. Inequality
6. Political Economy
7. Economy-Structure And Growth
8. Legislature
9. Bureaucracy, Police, Army
10. Judiciary
11. Federalism
12. Self Government
13. Political Parties
14. Workers And Peasents
15. Media
16. Interest Groups
17. Caste, Regligion, Language
18. Civil Society
19. Human Development
20. Gender
21. Regional Imbalances
22. Migration
23. Environment
24. Economic Reforms
25. Religious Politics
26. Ethnicity
27. Democracy And Development-Assessment

Syllabus PubAd Paper 1 (Theory)

1. Introduction:
   1. Meaning, scope and significance of Public Administration
   2. Wilson’s vision of Public Administration
   3. Evolution of the discipline and its present status
   4. New Public Administration
   5. Public Choice approach
   6. Challenges of liberalization, Privatisation, Globalisation
   7. Good Governance: concept and application
   8. New Public Management.
2. Administrative Thought:
   1. Scientific Management and Scientific Management movement
   2. Classical Theory
   3. Weber’s bureaucratic model – its critique and post-Weberian Developments
   4. Dynamic Administration (Mary Parker Follett)
   5. Human Relations School (Elton Mayo and others)
   6. Functions of the Executive (C.I. Barnard)
   7. Simon’s decision-making theory
   8. Participative Management (R. Likert, C. Argyris, D. McGregor).
3. Administrative Behaviour:
   1. Process and techniques of decision-making
   2. Communication
   3. Morale
   4. Motivation Theories – content, process and contemporary
   5. Theories of Leadership: Traditional and Modern.
4. Organisations:
   1. Theories – systems, contingency
   2. Structure and forms: Ministries and Departments, Corporations, Companies,
   3. Boards and Commissions
   4. Ad hoc and advisory bodies
   5. Headquarters and Field relationships
   6. Regulatory
   7. Authorities
   8. Public – Private Partnerships.
5. Accountability and control:
   1. Concepts of accountability and control
   2. Legislative, Executive and Judicial control over administration
   3. Citizen and Administration
   4. Role of media, interest groups, voluntary organizations
   5. Civil society
   6. Citizen’s Charters
   7. Right to Information
   8. Social audit.
6. Administrative Law:
   1. Meaning, scope and significance
   2. Dicey on Administrative law
   3. Delegated legislation
   4. Administrative Tribunals.
7. Comparative Public Administration: (CPA)
   1. Historical and sociological factors affecting administrative systems
   2. Administration and politics in different countries
   3. Current status of Comparative Public Administration
   4. Ecology and administration
   5. Riggsian models and their critique.
8. Development Dynamics: (DA)
   1. Concept of development
   2. Changing profile of development administration
   3. ‘Antidevelopment thesis’
   4. Bureaucracy and development
   5. Strong state versus the market debate
   6. Impact of liberalisation on administration in developing countries
   7. Women and development – the self-help group movement.
9. Personnel Administration:
   1. Importance of human resource development
   2. Recruitment, training, career advancement, position
   3. classification, discipline, performance appraisal, promotion, pay and service conditions
   4. employer-employee relations, grievance redressal mechanism
   5. Code of conduct
   6. Administrative ethics.
10. Public Policy:
    1. Models of policy-making and their critique
    2. Processes of conceptualisation, planning, implementation,
    3. monitoring, evaluation and review and their limitations
    4. State theories and public policy formulation.
11. Techniques of Administrative Improvement:
    1. Organisation and methods, Work study and work management
    2. e-governance and information technology
    3. Management aid tools like network analysis, MIS, PERT, CPM.
12. Financial Administration:
    1. Monetary and fiscal policies
    2. Public borrowings and public debt Budgets – types and forms
    3. Budgetary process
    4. Financial accountability
    5. Accounts and audit.

Syllabus PubAd Paper 2 (Indian Administration)

1. Evolution of Indian Administration:
   1. Kautilya’s Arthashastra
   2. Mughal administration
   3. Legacy of British rule in politics and administration.
   4. Indianization of public services
   5. revenue administration
   6. district administration
   7. Local self-government.
2. Philosophical and Constitutional framework of government:
   1. Salient features and value premises
   2. Constitutionalism
   3. Political culture
   4. Bureaucracy and democracy
   5. Bureaucracy and development.
3. Public Sector Undertakings:
   1. Public sector in modern India
   2. Forms of Public Sector Undertakings
   3. Problems of autonomy, accountability and control
   4. Impact of liberalization and privatization.
4. Union Government and Administration:
   1. structure, functions, work processes (and Recent trends) of
      1. Executive
      2. Parliament
      3. Judiciary
   2. Intragovernmental relations
   3. Cabinet Secretariat
   4. Prime Minister’s Office (PMO)
   5. Central Secretariat
   6. Ministries and Departments
   7. Boards Commissions
   8. Attached offices
   9. Field organizations.
5. Plans and Priorities:
   1. Machinery of planning
   2. Role, composition and functions of the
      1. Planning Commission
      2. National Development Council
   3. ‘Indicative’ planning
   4. Process of plan formulation at Union and State levels
   5. Constitutional Amendments (1992) and decentralized planning for economic development and social justice.
6. State Government and Administration:
   1. Union-State relations
      1. administrative
      2. legislative
      3. financial relations
   2. Role of the Finance Commission
   3. Governor
   4. Chief Minister
   5. Council of Ministers
   6. Chief Secretary
   7. State Secretariat
   8. Directorates.
7. District Administration since Independence:
   1. Changing role of the Collector
   2. Unionstate-local relations
   3. Imperatives of development management
   4. law and order administration
   5. District administration
   6. democratic decentralization.
8. Civil Services:
   1. Constitutional position
   2. Structure, recruitment, training and capacity-building
   3. Good governance initiatives
   4. Code of conduct and discipline
   5. Staff associations
   6. Political rights
   7. Grievance redressal mechanism
   8. Civil service neutrality
   9. Civil service activism.
9. Financial Management:
   1. Budget as a political instrument
   2. Parliamentary control of public expenditure
   3. Role of finance ministry in monetary and fiscal area
   4. Accounting techniques
   5. Audit
   6. Role of Controller General of Accounts
   7. Role of Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
10. Administrative Reforms since Independence:
    1. Major concerns
    2. Important Committees and Commissions
    3. Reforms in financial management and human resource development
    4. Problems of implementation.
11. Rural Development:
    1. Institutions and agencies since independence
    2. Rural development programmes: foci and strategies
    3. Decentralization and Panchayati Raj
    4. 73rd Constitutional amendment.
12. Urban Local Government:
    1. Municipal governance: main features, structures, finance and problem areas
    2. 74th Constitutional Amendment
    3. Globallocal debate
    4. New localism
    5. Development dynamics, politics and administration with special reference to city management.
13. Law and Order Administration:
    1. British legacy
    2. National Police Commission
    3. Investigative agencies
    4. Role of central and state agencies including paramilitary forces in maintenance of law and order and countering insurgency and terrorism
    5. Criminalisation of politics and administration (lolz)
    6. Police-public relations
    7. Reforms in Police.
14. Significant issues in Indian Administration:
    1. Values in public service
    2. Regulatory Commissions
    3. National Human Rights Commission
    4. Problems of administration in coalition regimes
    5. Citizen-administration interface
    6. Corruption and administration
    7. Disaster management.

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