Current Affairs for UPSC: History Culture, IR/Defense from Nov-Week3- Rani Kamlapati, Russian S-400 Triumf air defence system

History Culture

• History/Culture🗿:- History: Dimasas (or Dimasa-Kacharis) are the earliest known rulers and settlers of Assam. Prior to Ahom rule, the Dimasa kings — believed to be descendants of the rulers of the ancient Kamarupa kingdom — ruled large parts of Assam along the south bank of the Brahmaputra between the 13th and 16th cen- turies. Their earliest historically known capital was Dimapur (now in Nagaland), and later Maibang in North Cachar Hills. The demand for statehood began in the 1960, and later took a violent turn. 2021: insurgent outfit Dimasa National Liberation Army (DNLA) laid down arms in Assam
• Places-in-News:- History-PIN: NAME of Bhopal’s Habibganj railway station has been changed to Rani Kamlapati station. She was the widow of Nizam Shah, whose Gond dynasty ruled the then Ginnorgarh, 55 km from Bhopal, in the 18th century. Nizam Shah built the famous seven-storeyed Kamlapati Palace in Bhopal. Kamlapati committed suicide by drowning herself in the Bhopal lake in 1723. The Gond are one of the largest tribal communities in India spread across MP, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Bihar and Odisha (भोपाल के हबीबगंज रेलवे स्टेशन का नाम बदल के हुआ रानी कमलापति स्टेशन)

IR/Defense

• Defence:- GSM3/ Internal security/Money laundering: Madhya Pradesh Drug peddlers use Amazon to transport marijuana. 🤔Points to Reflect: money-laundering means you disguise the illegal income by showing it to have earned from Legal sources. Amazon= Seller’s income earned from Amazon will not alert the income tax authority because transactions pe automatically TDS, GST etc. 😥 But in reality the seller would send shipment of narco drugs in the name of computer monitor, CPU cabinet etc. to the buyer. अपराधी एमेंज़ोन द्वारा नशीली पदार्थों की बिक्री कर रहे हैं और धन शोधन कर रहे
• Defence:- GSM3/Internal security: insurgent groups in Manipur: PEOPLE’S Liberation Army (PLA), Manipur Naga People’s Front, UNLF, KCP, KYKL, PREPAK, etc. All the groups operate out of Myanmar and raise funds largely through extortion, narco trade. Their activity, however, has dwindled over the years, with recruitment having stalled, and the groups facing pressure inside Myanmar. 2021-Nov: ambush of an Assam Rifles convoy in Manipur’s Churachandpur district (bordering Myanmar). Colonel & family also killed in IED blast. For the previous years this insurgent groups have been underground but now suddenly attacked high-ranking officer. Perhaps trying to flex the muscles to arrange funding from China/Pak. 2) ⬆️extortion business by fear mongering. (मणिपुर में उग्रवादियों ने घात लगाकर हमला किया। असम राइफ़ल के कर्नल और परिवार शहीद। पिछले कुछ वर्षों में ये उग्रवादी थोड़े सुषुप्त थे और उनका प्रभाव भी इलाक़े में कम हो रहा था, लेकिन ऐसे बड़े हमारे द्वारा वे वापस डर और उगाही का धंधा पुनर्जीवित करना चाहते हैं।)
• Defence:- IR/Defense: BRITAIN taxi explosion outside a hospital in Liverpool on Sunday was a terrorist incident. Govt RAISED its national threat level to “severe”, meaning an attack is seen as highly likely. 🤔Points to Reflect: too much pampering and sheltering of the anti-India groups in Britain (for local vote bank politics) is turning Britain into a hotspot for terrorism. (ब्रिटेन आतंकवाद के बढ़ते मामले क्योंकि भारत विरोधी तत्वों को स्थानीय वोट बैंक के लिए उनके नेता गोद मे बिठाकर तुष्टीकरण कर रहे थे, तो अब वे कट्टर समूह ज़्यादा शक्तिशाली बन गए)
• Defence:- Defense: India received delivery of Russian S-400 Triumf air defence system to India. 😍 has the capability to protect against almost all sorts of aerial attacks, including drones, missiles, rockets and even fighter jets. 😍 The system comes equipped with four types of missiles: short- range up to 40 km; to very-long range up to 400 km 😍 S-400 detects an aerial threat approaching the air defence bubble (the area it has to protect), calculates the trajectory of the threat, and fires missiles to counter it. 🤔American equivalent product: American MIM-104 Patriot system. 😥 China already bought ussian S-400 Triumf air defence system & used it in eastern Ladakh, standoff in 2020. 😥 US wants India to wean off its traditional reliance on Russian defence systems. Threat of Sanctions under Countering America’s Adversaries through Sanctions Act (CAATSA-2017)- if a country buys defense equipments/deals with American adversaries Iran, Russia and North Korea then USA will punish such countries. But India’s stand: “India and the US have a comprehensive global strategic partnership. India has always pursued an independent foreign policy. This also applies to our defence acquisitions and supplies which are guided by our national security interests.” (रुस से भारत ने ख़रीदा S-४०० वायु सुरक्षा प्रणाली। जोखिम 400 किलोमीटर तक की सीमा में ड्रोन मिसाइल लड़ाकू विमानों को गिरा सकता है। वैसे चीन के पास भी यही प्रणाली है जो उसने पूर्वी लद्दाख में लगायी हुई। हालाँकि इसमें अमेरिका को मज़ा नहीं आ रहा और उसके CAATSA क़ानून के तहत भारत पर आर्थिक पाबंदियों का रखें लेकिन भारत सरकार का मानना कहेंना हे की हालाँकि अमेरिका भारत का अच्छा मित्र और वैश्विक भागीदार है लेकिन हम अपनी विदेश नीति स्वतंत्र तरीक़े से राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा के लिए बनाते हैं। )
• Defence:- IR: EXTERNAL AFFAIRS Minister S Jaishankar said India and China are going through a “particularly bad patch” in their ties because China has taken a set of actions in violation of Border agreements for which it still doesn’t have a “credible explanation” (For Pangong lake, Eastern Ladakh border standoff ) and it is for the Chinese leadership to answer where they want to take the bilateral relationship. (भारत के विदेश मंत्री का कहना है कि भारत और चीन के रिश्ते एक ख़राब समय से गुज़र रहे हैं क्योंकि चीन द्वारा सीमा पर समस्यायें खड़ी की जा रही है और चीनी नेताओं ने अब तय करना है कि वे भारत के साथ कैसे रिश्ते रखना चाहते हैं)
• Defence:- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ a rare admission of problems between the party and the military, the CPC resolution said that “for a period of time, the Party’s leadership over the military was obviously lacking. If this problem had not been completely solved, it would not only have diminished the military’s combat capacity, but also undermined the key political principle that the Party commands the gun. ✋ ispe PHD not required unless political science is your optional subject. (चीन के साम्यवादी पक्ष ने कहा कि कुछ समय तक उनके पक्ष ने कहा सेना पर प्रत्यक्ष नेतृत्व नहि था।)
• Defence:- IR/Defense: Ex-Navy Officer Kulbhushan Jadhav abducted by Pakistan & given death sentence over spying and terror charges. But, 2019: International Court of Justice (ICJ, Haque, Netherlands) ruled that Pakistan was obliged under international laws to provide by means of its own choosing “effective review and reconsideration” of Jadhav’s conviction. 2021: Pak Parliament passed a bill so Jadhav can file a review petition at municipal courts in Pakistan. India not satisfied because this does not provide effective review and reconsideration of Jadhav’s case. (पाकिस्तान द्वारा अपहरण किए गए भारतीय नेवी अफ़सर कुलभूषण जाधव अपनी मृत्युदंड की ख़िलाफ़ याचिका दायर कर सकें म्यूनिसिपल अदालत ने ऐसा क़ानून पाकिस्तान ने पास किया है। लेकिन भारत सरकार नाराज़ है कि इस प्रकार की लिपापोति से अंतरराष्ट्रीय न्यायिक अदालत के फ़ैसले का जमींनी स्तर पर अमल नहीं हो पाएगा। )
• Summit/Agreement-Bilateral:- Sydney Dialogue is a world summit conducted by Australian Strategic Policy Institute for emerging, critical and cyber technologies. PM Modi attended virtually- said Cryptocurrency must not end up in wrong hands
• Summit/Agreement-India:- ⚾️📻⚾️🎙✋ C. Rajamohan- Doing business with Turkey. (already in the past we learned about this same ideas are getting repeated. (ज़्यादातर तो पुरानी बातों का पुनरावर्तन)
• Summit/Agreement-India:- IR: Ex-NSA Shivshankar Menon criticises that 1) Modi’s claim for permanent UNSC seat is populist. Why do you want to sit on the UN Security Council. Is it a beauty contest where other people have to vote for you? I do not see how it helps. Is it going to feed people? Is it going to help in people’s welfare?… I do not see this as a big goal we should be seeking. But it is a populist goal.” 2) PM/Presidents in Japan, China, India, Turkey, Russia, all the way up to (Donald) Trump using nativism, nationalism, used personality cults to win elections but its harming Economy. 🤔Points to Reflect: 1) ye Logic ke XYZ thing is not helping the poor people to get food then India should stop its UNSC permanent seat lobbying, stop all the Moon-Mars space missions by ISRO, stop purchase of S400 air defense system,India should not develop military museums, Vaccine Maitry, helping poor nations etc. Always there will be poor and hungry people that does not mean a nation state can stop pursuing its diplomatic/strategic agendas. 2) Are former officer turned authors releasing controversial remarks during book launch to ⬆️sales? (भूतपूर्व राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा सलाहकार शिवशंकर मेनन ने आलोचना की है कि मोदी सरकार जो संयुक्त राष्ट्र संघ की सुरक्षा परिषद में स्थायी सदस्यता की माँग कर रही है वो सिर्फ़ लोक लुभावन के लिए चुनावी भाषणो का मुद्दा बनाया जा रहा है, जबकि इससे गरीब के पेट मे भोजन नहीं जाने वाला। तो इस तर्क पर तो सभी देशों ने अपने अंतरिक्ष संशोधन मिसाइल निर्माण इत्यादि का काम रोक देना चाहिए- जो की अतार्किक हे, क्योंकि हमेशा कोई न कोई तो गरीब रहेगा ही!)
• Summit/Agreement-Multilateral:- IR: THE UNITED Nations human right commission has asked China to give proof of the whereabouts of Chinese tennis star Peng Shuai, missing since she made sexual assault allegations against a former vice-premier. 🤔Points to Reflect: does human right commission have such power against a permanent member? Maybe we will wait for an explained series. (चीनी टेनिस महिला खिलाड़ी जिसने कि वाइस प्रीमियर के ख़िलाफ़ बलात्कार का आरोप लगाया था वो काफ़ी समय से ग़ायब हैं इसलिए संयुक्त राष्ट्र मानव अधिकार आयोग ने चीनी सरकार से जवाब माँगा है कि लापता लड़की के बारे में हमें सुबूत दीजिए।)
• Summit/Agreement-Multilateral:- Diplomacy: US PRESIDENT Joe Biden video call Xi. They discussed North Korea, Afghanistan, Iran, global energy markets, trade and competition, climate, military issues, the pandemic and other areas where they frequently disagree. China’s President said “Since the founding of the People’s Republic, China has never started a single war or conflict, and has never taken one inch of land from other countries” अमेरिका और चीन के राष्ट्रपतियों की भी ऑनलाइन मंत्रणा।