1. Prologue
2. Prerequisite: NCERT- Science
3. IYB Ch 25 Science Technology
   1. Ignore this trash
   2. Organizations
   3. POLICIES
   4. Medicine related
   5. Atomic energy related
   6. Atomic energy- Location and Terms
   7. Environment/ Agriculture
   8. Space And Particle Physics
   9. ISRO- SPACE PROGRAM
   10. Disaster Management
   11. Biotech related Terms/Technology
   12. Low Priority [LP]
   13. #LP1: Misc. Organizations
   14. #LP2: HRD/awards/fellowship related
4. IYB Ch9: Defense (R&D Related)
   1. Defense PSU/org.
   2. DRDO
   3. Terms/inventions
   4. Misc. Organizations
5. IYB Ch8: IT – Related Research
6. 12^th FYP Vol1: Ch8 Science
7. 12^th FYP Vol1: Ch9 Innovation
8. Mock Questions
9. Answers

Prologue

This article series deals with how to handle India 2014 || Bharat 2014 (+12^th Five year plan + sample MCQs).

So far we are done with

1. ch1 (land and people), ch30 (state and UT) click me
2. ch12 (Environment and Forest) click me
3. ch11 (Energy) click me

Now time for the Ch25 Science Tech. It’s the biggest hathodaa (hammer) chapter in India yearbook. Once you overcome this one, remaining chapters are halwaa.

Prerequisite: NCERT- Science

Use the NCERTs as the base material, in following order:

Class	Chapters (PHYSICS)	Chemistry	Biology
7	4, 13, 14 and 15	5 and 6	1,2,10,11 and 12
8	11 to 16	3 to 6	2, 8, 9 and 10
9	8 to 12	1 to 4	5,6,7 and 13
10	10, 12 and 13	1 to 5	6 to 11
11	Physics textbook ch.1	**	**
12	**	**	Biology textbook Ch.11 and 12

** If you observe the answerkey of CDS (I) 2014 paper, UPSC has asked quick a few tough questions from Class11-12 science NCERTs. (Twelve MCQs from from 7-10 and Eight from 11-12).

Moral of the story is: one should selectively read Class11-12 science NCERTs for CSAT-2014, as an Insurance policy against any Backbreaking^TM Move.

After NCERT, go through following articles on Mrunal.org/SNT

1. [Space Tech] Current Affairs Compilation 2012-13 for SSC CGL, UPSC CSAT
2. [Defense] Current Affairs compilation 2012-13: missiles, joint exercises, operations, organizations
3. [Public Health] Current Affairs 2012-13: Diseases, Drugs and Research (Part 2 of 3)

Some of their content is outdated, but the basics about space program, missile program etc. remain one and same, and should help you build the ‘base’.

Now, time to finish following chapters

IYB	ch 25 science tech (entire)
IYB	ch 9 Defense (only R&D related portion)
IYB	ch 8 Comm. & IT (only R&D related portion)
12th FYP vol1	ch 8 Science
12th FYP vol1	ch 9 Innovation

IYB Chapter 25 Science Technology

This chapter mainly talks about four things:

1. Lot of HRD/fellowship/scholarships with catchy names. (not that important)
2. Nuke Tech. we are already done with “Nuke Energy” part. Click me. Now we only see nuke-tech’s relevance to agro and healthcare.
3. Bio Tech
4. Space Tech

Ignore this trash

ch	topic	English	Hindi
25	Ignore first page of this chapter because its only bolbachhan without much utility.	781	816
25	Paragraph on science tech and alliances	785	821
25	International cooperation- because most of this data is from 2012. You will find better content in MEA website and PIB.	785-86	822
25	First three paragraphs mostly useless. (NABL, NRDMS, NSDI)	787	822-23
25	mostly useless filler stuff about R&D promotion	788	824
25	Pretty much entire page except IIST and ESSO	816	866-867
25	Eight centres under Earth ministry	817	Not given
25	Polar science (Very old 2011)	820	869
25	International cooperation; USA, SARR- Very old 2005-08	821-22	870-71
25	Centre of excellence	823	872
25	Biotech product and processed development	833	878
25	THSTI	839	Not given
25	Promotion of Biotech in North-East	841	883
25	Administration (Last para)	841	Not given

Organizations

ch	topic	English	Hindi
25	Dept. of science tech	781	816
25	SERB	782	817
25	Dept. of scientific and industrial research DSIR	787	823
25	Dept. of Atomic Energy	792	830
25	CSIR	790	826
25	AERB	799	839
25	Dept. of biotechnology(last paragraph useless)	822	871

POLICIES

ch	topic	English	Hindi
25	New Science and technology policy 2003 (Mainly for the purpose of chronology, otherwise new policy has been made)	781	816
25	New Science technology and innovation policy	782	816

Medicine related

ch	topic	English	Hindi
25	DPRP- Anti- malarial drug	784	819
25	TDB- suryamin, Cefixime	786	822
25	Risorin, Memory sure, Lupfio, klotbuster, Beseb, Indibacter	790	827
25	Terafil water filter	791	828
25	Stevioside	792	Not given
25	Lysostaphine, and other research	792	829
25	Nuclear medicine- only important names	802	843
25	Radio immuno assay and IRMA- Principle	803	845
25	PACT of IAEA, Bhabahtron	803	845
25	ISOMED sterilization use	803	845
25	Blood irradiator- use	804	847
25	ELIZA, Celiac disease Glial biology*	828	875
25	Stem cell research- This chapter hardly gives any info. dig net for principles, policies and issues	829	876
25	Bio-Engineering, Bio-Design- Only brief overview	830	876
25	Nano Science- again Dig net	833	877
25	Artemisinin	834	Not given
25	SAM, Cactus pulp health drink	834	879
25	Bio safety issues- GEAC- Origin function. Beyond that,  Dig net for facts and fodder.	834	879
25	Drug Pemetrexel for cancer; Gemcetamin	837	Not given
25	MAIBA- MAIBI (Traditional health practitioners in manipur)	838	881
25	JAIVAC-1 Anti-Malaria vaccine	840	883
25	HAPMAP Project	839	882

*Dig net for all such terms

Atomic energy related

Although you’d have already covered this under last part. But still for the sake of quick reference:

25	Overview of three stage program	793	830-31
25	First stage of nuclear program	794	831
25	Stage -2 of nuclear program	798	837
25	Stage-3 of nuclear program	798	838

Atomic energy- Location and Terms

25	Location of deposits	794-95	833
25	Location of underground mines and opencast mines of uranium	795	833
25	Vitrification- nuke waste management	796	835
25	Mobscan, Ropman, Rohytam	797	836
25	Bhavini, Kamini	798	837-38
25	ADS, SODAR, IREMON, CERMS	799	839
25	List of research reactors	800	841

Applications of nuke technology already listed under respective tables of biotech / agro/ medicine topics.

Environment/ Agriculture

25	Nisarga- Runa	800	840
25	Sesbania- Green manure crop	801	842
25	Krushak, Cobalt- 60	801	842
25	MSF, RO, LTE desalination technology	805	850

Space And Particle Physics

25	Kali 200, 1000, 5000	804	849
25	Narayangaon Telescope, Grace-Mt. Abu, TACTIC Gamma ray telescope	806	852
25	India’s contribution to CERN	808	854-55
25	Location of accelerator  facilities in India	808	855-56
25	ADITYA Tokamak	809	857
25	ITER purpose	809	858
25	Ignore this page due to garbage info	810	859

ISRO- SPACE PROGRAM

• Entire data is given in boring paragraphs making it difficult to remember and recall.
• So, first you go through my Space tech-compilation to understand the basics.Click me.
• Then come back to

25

Indian Space Program

811-16

860-866

You need to focus on following information

1. Difference between INSAT vs. IRS; PSLV vs. GSLV
2. Satellites with catchy names Example: SARAL vs. ADITYA
3. Antarix and its functions
4. This chapter is mostly confined to developments upto 2012 (With cursory mention of GSLV MK-3, Mars mission etc.) So go through Mrunal.org/SNT. For new developments.
5. For GSLV MK- 3 Dig net
6. Mars mission already covered. Click me
7. Chandrayan- 1 too old and clichéd – Only remember the basics about chronology launch vehicle, discovery.

Disaster Management

25	Tropical cyclone tracker	818	868
25	RIMES	818	868
25	Coral bleaching alert system- CABS	819	?
25	Costal vulnerability index	819	?
25	Indian ocean dipole and its relationship with summer monsoon	820	870

Biotech related Terms/Technology

25	ROSUB- ROSIS	820	870
25	Black pearls	820	870
25	Agri. biotech- Nagina – 22 rice, Vivek maize, Virupaskshi banana	824	873
25	Biofertilizers bioinsecticides*	825	873
25	IBIN- Indian bioresource information network	826	Not given
25	Saffron network program	826	Not given
25	Medicinal and aromatic plants	826	874
25	Xenobiotic compounds, biorestoration technology, HCH degrading bacteria**	831	?
25	Biofertilizer-Biopesticide given under IBSD	838	881
25	AmA1 gene improves staple crops	837	881
25	Biotech parks	835	879
25	Biocluster	840	882

*Dig net for utility of all the micro-organisms, fungi, algae, plants mentioned here.

Instruments and vehicles

25	VISCOTRAN	790	827
25	NISHANT- UAV	791	Not given

IT- web portal related

25	TKDL	791	823
25	IREMON, CERMS	799	839
25	Anupam- Ameya super computer	805	851

Low Priority [LP]

Don’t waste too much time in here:

#LP1: Misc. Organizations

25	NRDC, CEL	789	825
25	NPCIL falls under DAE and its functions	793	831
25	Uranium corp. of India	795	833
25	Heavy water board	796	834
25	Electronics corp. of India	797	837
25	National bioresearch board	825-26	873-74
25	Biotechnology industry research assistance council	833	879
25	NII, NCCS, NBRC, DNF Fingerprint centre	836	880
25	Instem	838	882
25	National Institute on Biomedical genomics: Agri. food: Agri. biotech: Animal biotech	839	882
25	ICGEB, C-CAMP	840	883

#LP2: HRD/awards/fellowship related

25	INSPIRE, PURSE, FIST	783	818
25	That CSIR runs shanti swaroop bhatnagar prizes, young scientist award, JRF, NET, etc.	792	829
25	NISER conducts NEST	807	853
25	BEST- Teacher’s Training programme	785	821
25	Star college scheme	823	871
25	Bamalinga swami reentry fellowship	823	872
25	Rapid grant for young investigator	823	872
25	Program for SC/ST, Women	832	878
25	Biotechnology ignition grant	833	?

IYB Ch9: Defense (R&D Related)

Defense chapter mainly talks about three topics:

1. IR / bilateral
2. GK type (Army, Navy airforce- their ranks, entry schemes etc.)
3. Sci-tech (missiles, technology, DRDO etc.)

First we focus on the third topic. But before that, do read following article

[Defense] Current Affairs compilation 2012-13: missiles, joint exercises, operations, organizations

(Although joint exercise etc. is outdated, but the “Basics” about missile /tank development etc. remain one and same)

Defense PSU/org.

in PSUs- main focus should be: what have they produced?

CH.	TOPIC	ENGLISH	HINDI
9	Ordinance factories	220	187
9	Hindustan Aeronautics	220	187
9	Bharat Electronics	221	187
9	Garden reach	221	188
9	Shipyards; Goa, Hindustan, Mazagaon	221	188
9	Bharat Earth mover, Bharat dynamics	222	189
9	Mishra dhatu (Midhani)	222	190
9	NIRDESH	226	193

Policies

CH.	TOPIC	ENGLISH	HINDI
9	FDI in defense production (Update from newspapers)	223	190

DRDO

CH.	TOPIC	ENGLISH	HINDI
9	DRDO- Its achievements and developments*	229-237	197-206

*Ignore technologies without catchy names for example

1. “Advanced technologies developed” (Page. 235),
2.  Infrastructure facilities established (Page. 235 upto 237, except INS Sagar Dhwani, Bio-digesters.)

Terms/inventions

CH.	TOPIC	ENGLISH	HINDI
9	ATGM, KONKOR, INVAR, C-303	222	189
9	Exhibition; Aero India, Def Expo. India (Find latest locations from newspapers)	225	192-93
9	NIRDESH (Its society but catchy terms for MCQs)	226	193
9	NIRBHAY	231	200
9	Missile systems and their ranges	232	200
9	LAKSHYA, NISHANT, RUSTOM	232	200
9	PINAKA, Adrushy mine	232	200-01
9	MBT- Arjun, Ajey, Bhim, Sarvatra, Daksh	233	201
9	Truckload of radars, sonar given under electronics, computer systems	233-34	201-02

Misc. Organizations

CH.	TOPIC	ENGLISH	HINDI
9	DGAQA, DOS, DEO, IITF	224-25	190-192

IYB Ch8: IT – Related Research

Chapter 8 deals with e-governance, postal, telecom etc. that we’ll see separately.

Right now, for the sci-tech, we only focus on following topics at the moment:

CH.	TOPIC	ENGLISH	HINDI
8	Sameer	188	??
8	C- DAC: Garuda, eAgriEn, Bharatiya AFIS, Sarjeevani, E- Nayana	188-190	??
8	EDGE, Chakra, APPSAMVID	190	??
8	CERT-IN	190	??
8	C- MAT	191	??

NIELIT, ERNET, etc. we will see under education E-Governance.

Now it’s time to read 12^th Five year plan, Chapter 8 and 9

12^th FYP Vol1: Ch8 Science

RELEVANCE	Topic	PDF page
FODDER	8.21-science technology national mission should focus on	274
MCQ	8.23- the fact that The technologies on flocculation and chlorination currently in vogue do not remove trace organics, metals and pathogens in treated drinking water and, therefore	274
MCQ	8.28-list of six mega facility and their utilities	276
FODDER	box 8.1 – India’s contribution in the discovery of Higgs boson particle	276
ORG	serb, National innovation foundation, purse, curie	278
MCQ	BONISTA, RECEPTOL, RHOCLONE, HAGAR	279
FODDER	8.48- 12th FYP RND innitiatives	281
E-GOV	8.54- NGIS	282
MCQ	Public Sector developed GM CROPS	284
ORG	11.BIRAC	286
SCHEME	Box.8.5- Doppler weather radars, National monsoon mission, PFZ, LTTD (Dig Net for principles)	288
MCQ	8.70 Fact that Sagar sampada is an ocean research vessel	290
MCQ	8.76 Fact that Earth system enterprise is a PSU under ministry of Earth Science	292
MCQ	8.79 Fact that CSIR@ 80 and India@ 75 will coincide on 2022	291
SCHEME	8.82 PRISM, PACE, BIRD, A2K+	292
TERM	8.84 Benefit of GRATZEN CELL over traditional solar cells	292
TERM	CMM5- All metal civil aircrafts	293
TERM	CAERULOMYCIN- For heart and kidney transplant	293
TERM	Krishi Shakti Tractor	293
TERM	Heptafloropropane- Fire fighting system	293
TERM	Terafil water filter	293
TERM	Ashvagandha Applications	294
TERM	Risorin- TB	294
TERM	PROSTALYN- Cancer; BACOPA Memory Enhancer; CSIR 800, Soleckskaw	294
SCHEME	8.96- Techvils under CSIR 800	296
TERM	8.97- OSDD, DOCS- For drug discovery	296
FODDER	8.105- Space plan for 2025	298
FODDER	Box.8.7 Space launches during 11th FYP	298-99
TERM	8.111 GAGAN, IRNSS (More details under Mrunal/SNT)	300
FODDER	8.116 Disaster Management support by ISRO	301
TERM	POLIX	302
MCQ	Box.8.8- Spider robot, Barcom, IERMON	303
MCQ	8.126- Fact that AHWR uses thorium	305
MCQ	Fact that only dhruva research reactor is working	305
TERM	8.131-Fair project, Germany, INO, LIGO,TMT, SKA	306
MCQ	Table 8.1 Fact that dept. of Space is given largest plan outlay among all science related dept.	307
FODDER	Dept. based deliverables for 12th FYP- Selectively prepare a few points for each department	308-311

12^th FYP Vol1: Ch9 Innovation

short and sweet chapter.

Type	Point	Page
MCQ	9.1 Decade of innovation	312
Fodder	9.3 Why do we need innovation in India	312
ORG	9.7 NINC	313
Fund	9.10 Innovation Fund IIIF. (Recall chindu talked about this fund in the interim budget.)	313
MCQ	9.13 Clusters in various cities	314
E-GOV	9.17 India innovation portal	315
MCQ	9.26 Fact that Chanderi weavers belong to MP	317
Fodder	9.28 IPR concerns of western companies	317
E-GOV	9.30-9.32 Adhaar, other ICT initiatives	317-318
Fund	District innovation Fund	318

dig following from NET, because 12^th FYP merely mentioned them.

1. Principles behind: Low  Temperature  Thermal Desalination (LTTD), reverse  osmosis  (RO)  and  multi-stage  flash  for sea  water  desalination.
2. Disha for women scientist
3. BRAI Bill
4. Polymetallic manganese modules
5. Need for Indian satellite navigation policy

+Every year many summits are held at National and International levels, You need to keep track on their locations and themes for PIB and NET.

Mock Questions

Warning: DONOT attempt them before digging principles / features of the various terms mentioned in IYB ch25. Example Food irradiation. (Using books/net.)

• Don’t get demotivated if you can’t solve all of the questions.
• The purpose is to show that despite all reading-revision, there will always be odd MCQs in UPSC outside the traditional books. For example, observe CSAT 2013’s sci-tech MCQs. click me.
• So, If you are unsure of the fact/principle, better skip them rather than risk negative marking.

Q1. The terafil water filters developed by CSIR can remove ___ from water.

1. turbid particles
2. microorganisms
3. bad odor and bad taste

Answer choices

1. only 1 and 2
2. only 1 and 3
3. only 1
4. all of them

Q2. Correct statements about terafil water filter developed by CSIR

1. They’re designed to use solar energy to provide safe drinking water to coastal area.
2. TERAFIL filter is made by mixing black clay (silt clay) and aluminum dioxide.
3. CSIR is planning to add Nano-silver particles in these filters, so they can remove virus and bacteria from the drinking water.

Answer choice

1. only 1 and 3
2. only 2
3. only 3
4. all of them

Q3. CSIR has developed a new technology for production of Stevioside from Stevia Rebaudiana. What is the main use of this Stevioside?

1. Arthritis Drug
2. Bio fertilizer
3. Bio control Agent
4. Natural Sweetener

Q4. Correct statements about Stevioside

1. it is extracted from the fruits of Stevia plant
2. Stevia plants are native of Mizoram.
3. Both A and B
4. Neither A nor B.

Q5. Find correct statements about Green Maure crops

1. Green manure crops usually belong to leguminous family.
2. Clusterbeans and Sesbania rostrata are examples of Green Manure Crops
3. Sesbania rostrata is a native of Africa, BARC used radiation technique to make it adaptable to India.

Answer choices

1. only 1 and 2
2. only 1 and 3
3. only 2 and 3
4. all of them

Q6. BARC has set up KRUSHAK (Krushi Utpadan Sanrakshan Kendra) in Lasalgaon for food irradiation. What are the benefits of food irradiation method?

1. Inhibits the sprouts growth in Onion, potato, garlic and ginger.
2. Extends shelf life of fruits and meat
3. controls Microbial pathogen in processed food.

Answer choices

1. only 1 and 2
2. only 1 and 3
3. only 2 and 3
4. all of them

Q7. Incorrect statements about Food irradiation.

1. This process makes the food radioactive, thereby making it unfit for survival of microbes and pathogens.
2. food irradiation plant is one type of nuclear reactor.
3. Both A and B
4. Neither A nor B

Q8. Correct statements about Bhabhatron.

1. Bhabhatron is a specialized research nuclear reactor that produces cobalt-60 isotops, which are then sold cancer hospitals at subsidized rates.
2. Under WHO’s PACT program, India donated one of the Bhabhatron to Vietnam.
3. Both A and B
4. Neither A nor B.

Q9. Consider these terms: Anupam-Ajeya, Anupam-Ameya and Anupam-Ashva. What are they?

1. Series of bio pesticides developed by ICAR
2. Series of research reactors developed by BARC
3. Series of super computers developed by C-DAC
4. None of Above

Q10. Incorrect statements about Radioimmunoassay

1. It is an in-vivo technique for measuring hormones and vitamins in biological fluids.
2. Radioimmunoassay pose health hazards due to radiation exposure.
3. ELISA is an example of Radioimmunoassay

Answer choices:

1. only 1 and 2
2. only 1 and 3
3. Only 2 and 3
4. None of them.

Q11. What are the uses of INSAT system of satellites?

1. Natural Resources Monitoring
2. Communication
3. Meteorological Services
4. DTH service

Answer choices

1. all except 1 and 4
2. all except 1
3. all except 4
4. all of them

Q12. Correct pairs

1. Megha Tropiques: Earth observation
2. Astrosat: Celestial bodies
3. SARAL: Solar Coronagraph

Answer choices

1. all correct matches.
2. all except 1 and 3
3. all except 2 and 3
4. None of them.

Q13. Correct statements about Indian Ocean dipole (IOD).

1. During a negative IOD year, the winds from Indian Ocean blow from west to east.
2. During Positive IOD year, India receives more rainfall.
3. Both A and B
4. Neither A nor B

Q14. Correct statements about coral bleaching?

1. Coral bleaching turns white coral into grey color.
2. Coral bleaching occurs when coral’s symbiotic algae is damaged.
3. Ozone depletion makes the coral reefs more vulnerable to bleaching.

Answer choices

1. Only 1 and 3
2. only 2 and 3
3. only 1 and 3
4. None of them.

Q15. Correct statements about Mycorrhizae.

1. Mycorrhizae are fungi that exhibit symbiotic relation with plant roots.
2. Mycorrihzae are used as biopesticides because they produce xenobiotic compounds that kill insects and pests.
3. Both A and B
4. Neither A nor B

Q16. Correct pairs

1. Bacillus thuringiensis: biopesticide
2. Trichogramma: biocontrol agent
3. Mycorrhizae: fungus root

Answer choices

1. Only 1 and 3
2. only 2 and 3
3. only 1 and 3
4. all of them

its 12:37 AM, feeling dizzy, Stopping here. Besides, defense and space tech related MCQs already given in those old articles.

Answers

1. D. All statements correct as per CSIR website
2. C. Only third statement right as per CSIR website
3. D. Natural sweetener, Britannica
4. D. Both wrong. It’s extracted from leaves, and plant native of S.America. (NIIR board)
5. D. All correct, as per Tamilnadu State Agro portal
6. D. All of them as per BARC page
7. C. both statements wrong UC Davis university, California  (note: question asked you to find “Wrong” statements, hence C and not D)
8. D. Both wrong. Bhabhatron is not a nuke reactor, but teletherapy device to help rural patients get treatment without having to travel to faraway cities.  And PACT program belongs to IAEA and not WHO.
9. D. all wrong. These are supercomputers of BARC
10. B. 1 and 3 are wrong. It is “in-vitro” and not “in-vivo” (IYB page 803.); ELISA is not a radioimmunoassay. (Naik’s Biochem book, Page433)
11. B. all except 1. IYB page 811. (DTH also works on INSAT)
12. B. all except 1 and 3. IYB page 811 and 813
13. B. only second statement right. (IYB 820). first statement wrong as per Chandrasekar’s atmospheric science book page 323
14. B. only 2 and 3. Britannica: during bleaching, coral turns white=>1^st is wrong. UV radiation can cause bleaching =>#3 right.
15. A. only 1 is right. #2 is wrong because Xenobiotic compounds = compounds that are unnatural for the environment and life forms. Example- affluent from pharma, fertilizers etc. Hence #2 is wrong. Myco fungi cannot create xenobiotic compounds. (Environmental Biotech, Indu Thakur page 261)
16. D. all correctly matched as per Bioinoculants: R. P. Gupta. Page 228

visit Mrunal.org/yearbook For more on Yearbook related topics/articles.