Current affairs 2021-July-Week1: economy

  • 1B-Bank Classification & Loans?: ⚾️?⚾️?✋Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has said unpaid and matured fixed deposits should be offered savings bank rates. E.g. SBI offers 2.70 per cent interest on savings bank accounts, while one year FD rates carry a rate of 5 per cent. This means an unclaimed matured one year fixed deposit will get only 2.70%
  • 1A2-Monetary Policy: MSME Ministry announced inclusion of retail and wholesale trader under MSMEs definition. So now such 2.5 crore traders will also get the benefit of priority sector lending under RBI guidelines. खुदरा व्यापारी और थोक व्यापारियों को भी MSME की व्याख्या में गिना जाएगा ताकि उन्हें भी प्राथमिक क्षेत्र के ऋण मानक कोटे में लोन मिल सके
  • 4b-mfg?‍: Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC): it will be a set of rules guidelines/protocols based on which e-commerce companies will operate their business model e.g. process of on boarding sellers on the marketplace, how much commission to charge from sellers on the marketplace, product catalogue display, product replacement, customer grievance handling etc. Commerce ministry’s Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) set up a committee to suggest on this matter. ? Benefits? 1) curbing “digital monopolies” by amazon etc 2) protect the vendors and customers on marketplace platforms like Amazon. “डिजिटल वाणिज्य के लिए खुला/ओपन नेटवर्क” दिशानिर्देश/मार्गदर्शिका- ई कॉमर्स कंपनियों पर विक्रेताओं का पंजीकरण, विक्रेताओं पर लगने वाली फ़ीस, वस्तुओं की क़ीमतें तथा वर्णन, ग्राहक सुरक्षा इत्यादि के लिए सरकार नियम बनाने जा रही है ताकि विक्रेता और ग्राहक दोनों के हितों की रक्षा हो सके
  • 6-Health: National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority allowed a one-time increase of 50% in the prices of three drugs — carbamazepine, ranitidine and ibuprofen — to ensure their availability. Excessive price control discourages the pharmaceutical companies from manufacturing the drug because they feel the profit margins will not be good-previous economic survey had also found that sometimes government intervention in the free market causes more harm than benefit. गरीबों के लिए दवाइयां किफ़ायती रहे इसलिए NPPA दवाइयों की महत्तम बिक्री मूल्य क़ानूनी रूप से तय कर करती थी किन्तु इसे फार्मास्युटिकल कंपनियों के मुनाफ़े पर असर होता था और कुछ बार दवाई बनाने वाली कम्पनियां उस दवाई का उत्पादन ही बंद कर देती थी। जिससे वह ग़रीब का फ़ायदा कम नुक़सान ज़्यादा हो जाता था. अब इस NPPA संस्था ने तीन दवाइयों के दामों में 50 प्रतिशत दाम बढ़ोतरी की अनुमति दी है

    • Current affairs 2021-July-Week1: environment

  • Bio-Diversity: Bengal Monitor Lizard under the Wildlife Protection Act 1972 of India comes under Schedule 1 protected species . But illegal poaching going on because of superstition that its meat/oil can increase sexual power. बंगाल मॉनिटर छिपकली वन्यजीव संरक्षण अधिनियम क़ानून के अंतर्गत एक संरक्षित प्रजाति है।
  • Disaster: TROPICAL STORM ELSA @Cuba.
  • Pollution?: GHG: EU plans to impose higher tax rate for polluting aviation fuels to meet a target to reduce EU greenhouse gas emissions by 55 per cent by 2030, from 1990 levels. विमानन ईंधन पर और ज़्यादा टैक्स लगाएगा यूरोपियन यूनियन ताकि वायु प्रदूषण, तथा जलवायु परिवर्तन से लड़ा जा सके
  • Pollution?: Climate change impact on USA: Few months back people died because of heavy snowfall and electricity outage (so they could not run the heaters and died of extreme cold). now again people dying because of severe heat waves. If a developed nation such as USA unable to protect the lives one can only imagine the plight of people in the Third World countries during the severe climatic events. (अमेरिका में पहले शीत लहर में लोग मर गये और अब ग्रीष्म लहर में लोग मर रहे हैं)
  • Pollution?: GHG: Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) institute has developed an anti-methanogenic feed supplement, called ‘Harit Dhara’. When given to bovines and sheep, it cuts methane emissions by 17-20 per cent, but also results in higher milk production and bodyweight gain. 2) Methane is produced by animals having rumen, in the first of their four stomachs, where the plant material they eat= gets fermented / broken down by microorganisms prior to further digestion and nutrient absorption. 3) Carbohydrate fermentation leads to production of CO2 and hydrogen. These are used by archaea – microbes in the rumen to produce methane 4) animals then expel methane through burping. 5) ICAR’s Harit Dhara feed acts by decreasing the population of protozoa microbes in the rumen. It is made up of Tropical plants containing tannins – bitter and astringent chemical compounds – are known to suppress or remove protozoa from the rumen. 6) CATTLE, BUFFALOES, sheep and goats in India emit an estimated 9.25-14.2 million tonnes of methane annually – a sizable proportion of the around 90 mt methane emitted by livestock across the world. This is a cause for serious concern, given that methane is a very potent greenhouse gas. जुगाली करने वाले जानवर की पाचन क्रिया से बोहोत ज़्यादा मिथेन गैस उत्सर्जित होता है. जिससे जलवायु परिवर्तन की समस्या और गंभीर बनती है. ICAR संस्थान ने “हरित धरा” नाम का एक नया पशुचारा बनाया है जिसे खाने पर पशुओं के पाचन क्रिया से मीथेन का उत्सर्जन कम होता है, और साथ ही साथ दूध उत्पादन में भी बढ़ोतरी होती है.

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