Economy Current Affairs from Nov-Week3

  • 1A1-Money-ЁЯТ│:- EcoPill1B2:Bad Loans: RBI Jayant Kumar Dash WORKING group on digital lending thru websites/app. need a separate law for regulating this. Setup Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO). Money must be transferred from lender to borrowers account directly in Bank- so as to keep a trace of evidence / black money etc.
  • 1B-Bank Classification & LoansЁЯФк:- тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯУ╗тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯОЩтЬЛ Nov tax devolution to states front-loaded for capex push. One liner that Advance instalment given so they can develop infrastructure.
  • 1B-Bank Classification & LoansЁЯФк:- тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯУ╗тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯОЩтЬЛ WhatтАЩs behind the recent startup IPO rush
  • 1B-Bank Classification & LoansЁЯФк:- EcoPill1A1-Digital Payments: Nigeria launched its non-interest-yielding central bank digital currency (CBDC) тАФ the eNaira. CBDC pilot projects are underway in at least 17 other countries. Pros and cons Already covered in Mrunal’s Free Win21 Lecture Series available at mrunal.org/download (рдХреЗрдВрджреНрд░реАрдп рдмреИрдВрдХ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рд╡реИрдзрд╛рдирд┐рдХ рдореБрджреНрд░рд╛ рдХреЛ рдХрд╛рдЧрд╝рдЬрд╝реА рд╕реНрд╡рд░реВрдк рд╕реЗ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдбрд┐рдЬрд┐рдЯрд▓ рд░реВрдк рдореЗрдВ рдЫрд╛рдкрдирд╛)
  • 1cЁЯСиЁЯП┐тАНЁЯТ╗SEBI-Sharemarket:- тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯУ╗тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯОЩтЬЛ Crypto Bill may be in Winter session. Let them actually table the bill
  • 1cЁЯСиЁЯП┐тАНЁЯТ╗SEBI-Sharemarket:- Paytm (One 97 Communications, CEO Vijay Shekhar Sharma. Other partners . ChinaтАЩs Alibaba-Ant group (6%), Japan’s SoftBank and Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway) launched INDIAтАЩS LARGEST initial public offering (IPO) that raised Rs 18,300 crore from investors. Stag (Male Deer) Investor – buys shares in IPO (initial public offering in the primary market) with hopes of selling it at a very high price on LISTING in Secondary market. Often they get lucky with almost 80-100% profit but Gameplan failed in Paytm. Primary market Rs.2150 but but on day1 of listing (in the secondary market), it fell by almost 25%. Reasons ЁЯШе 1) General slowdown in the share market because of the high inflation and American interest rate/fed tapering concerns ЁЯШе 2) high valuation of Paytm share price but institutional investors (Mutual Fund, Pension Fund etc) not very confident of the growth prospects of this company. To put this simply for layman- HDFC bank can give loan and its share is priced at тВ╣1500 whereas Paytm (a Payment Bank, canтАЩt give loan) demanding тВ╣2150 share price. Previously Paytm had superiority because of the mobile wallet system, but mobile wallets no longer necessary thanks to UPI-Bhim. PaytmтАЩs own filling to SEBI says they may never become profitable! ЁЯШе3) startup bubble, no free lunches in economy- said Raghuram Rajan. Cashback discount is given to build subscriber base to create hype- ultimately startup founders recovered all the cashback money from retail investors (who lost 25% on listing day). ЁЯШе4) this could also negatively affect the future IPOs of Startup Companies / tapid reponce to GovtтАЩs disinvestment. ЁЯШе5) Ethical- Retail investors frenzy applying IPO, playing sharemarket with the hopes of 25 dinn me paisa double. At some point they were bound to pay for excess greed. (Paytm IPO рдореЗрдВ рдбреВрдмрд╛ рдирд┐рд╡реЗрд╢рдХреЛ рдХрд╛ рдкреИрд╕рд╛- рдХрдВрдкрдиреА рдХреА рдореБрдирд╛рдлрд╝рд╛ рдХреНрд╖рдорддрд╛ рдХреЗ рд╣рд┐рд╕рд╛рдм рд╕реЗ рдмрд╣реВрдд рдКрдБрдЪреЗ рджрд╛рдо рдкрд░ рдмреЗрдЪрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛ рдерд╛ред рд╕реНрдЯрд╛рд░реНрдЯрдЕрдк рдХрд╛ рдЧреБрдмреНрдмрд╛рд░рд╛ рдлреВрдЯреЗрдЧрд╛ рдПрд╕рд╛ рдбрд░. рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдореЗрд╣рдирдд рдХреЗ 25 рджрд┐рди рдореЗрдВ рдкреИрд╕реЗ рдбрдмрд▓ рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреА рд▓рд╛рд▓рдЪ рд░рдЦрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рдЖрдо рдирд┐рд╡реЗрд╢рдХреЛрдВ рдиреЗ рднреА рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдиреИрддрд┐рдХ рдореВрд▓реНрдпреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рд╕реЛрдЪ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░ рдХрд░рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдП рдХреА рд▓рд╛рд▓рдЪ рдмреБрд░реА рдмрд▓рд╛ рд╣реИ)
  • 1cЁЯСиЁЯП┐тАНЁЯТ╗SEBI-Sharemarket:- Sebi releases investor charter for investor protection and complaint redressal. To be covered in Mrunal’s Free Win22 Lecture Series available at mrunal.org/download (рд╕реЗрдмреА рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдирд┐рд╡реЗрд╢рдХреЛ рдХрд╛ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдкрддреНрд░)
  • 1cЁЯСиЁЯП┐тАНЁЯТ╗SEBI-Sharemarket:- тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯУ╗тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯОЩтЬЛ Sebi tweaks тАШfit and properpersonтАЩrule
  • 1cЁЯСиЁЯП┐тАНЁЯТ╗SEBI-Sharemarket:- тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯУ╗тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯОЩтЬЛ How buyback using retro tax refund helps Cairn. Retro tax already explained Already covered in Mrunal’s Free Win21 Lecture Series available at mrunal.org/download
  • 2-Budget-TaxationЁЯТ╝:- EcoPill2-Budget: Fiscal Challenge: SC ordered COVID Ex gratia Rs 50,000 to next of kin of those who died due to Covid-19. It is not mandatory that death certificate must mention тАЬcovidтАЭ as cause of death. However Gujarat state government has set up тАШCovid-19 death ascertaining committeeтАЩ, to scrutinise the claims before releasing the money. SC pulls up Gujarat Govt for going contrary to the SC directions. ЁЯдФPoints to Reflect: ЁЯШе 1) State governments do not on enough money from taxation so it is difficult for them to release the money esp. Gujarat, Bihar- with liquor ban ЁЯШе 2) State governments provide businessman with land at token price (e.g. 100 hectare land for token price of тВ╣1 for 99 years)- for industrial development, renewable energy etc. Along with concessions in the property tax, land revenue etc. Therefore states do not have enough money for emergency. ЁЯШе 3) Way forward? need to improve Insurance density, insurance penetration, calamity insurance. (рдХреЛрд░реЛрдирд╛ рд╕реЗ рдЬреЛ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдорд░реЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдЙрдирдХреЗ рдирдЬрд╝рджреАрдХреА рдкрд░рд┐рдЬрдиреЛрдВ рдХреЛ 50, рд╣рдЬрд╝рд╛рд░ рд░реБрдкрдпреЗ рджреЗрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдореГрддреНрдпреБ рдкреНрд░рдорд╛рдг рдкрддреНрд░ рдореЗрдВ тАШрдХреЛрд░реЛрдирд╛ рд╕реЗ рдореМрддтАЩ рдПрд╕рд╛ рд▓рд┐рдЦрд╛ рд╣реЛрдирд╛ рдЕрдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд░реНрдп рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ рдПрд╕реЗ рд╕реБрдкреНрд░реАрдо рдХреЛрд░реНрдЯ рдХреЗ рдЖрджреЗрд╢ рдХрд╛ рдЧреБрдЬрд░рд╛рдд рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдкрд░ рд╕реАрдзрд╛ рдкрд╛рд▓рди рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреА рдЬрдЧрд╣ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рд╕реЗ рд╕рдорд┐рддрд┐ рдмрдирд╛рдпреА рд╣реИ рдЬреЛ рдХреА рдЬрд╛рдБрдЪ рдХрд░реЗрдЧреА рдХрд┐ рд╡рд╛рд╕реНрддрд╡ рдореЗрдВ рд▓рд╛рднрд╛рд░реНрдереА рдХреЛрд░реЛрдирд╛ рд╕реЗ рдорд░рд╛ рдерд╛ рдХрд┐ рдирд╣рд┐, рдЗрд╕ рдкрд░ рд╕реБрдкреНрд░реАрдо рдХреЛрд░реНрдЯ рдирд╛рд░рд╛рдЬрд╝ рд╣реИред ЁЯдФ рд░рд╛рдЬреНрдп рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдкрд╛рд╕ рдХрд░рд╛рдзрд╛рди рдореЗрдВ рдЖрдорджрдиреА рд╡реИрд╕реЗ рднреА рдХрдо рд╣реЛрддреА рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдФрджреНрдпреЛрдЧрд┐рдХ рдкреНрд░реЛрддреНрд╕рд╛рд╣рди рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдлрд╝реНрд░реА рдореЗрдВ рдЬрд╝рдореАрди рджреЗрдирд╛- рдЬрд┐рд╕рдХреЗ рдЪрд▓рддреЗ рд╡рд┐рддреНрддреАрдп рдХреНрд╖рдорддрд╛ рдХрдо рд╣реЛрддреАред рд▓реЛрдЧ рд╕реНрд╡рдпрдВ рд╣реА рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рдмреАрдорд╛ рдЦрд╝рд░реАрджреЗрдВ рдпрд╛ рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рд╕рднреА рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рд╕реЗ рд╣реА рдЖрдкрджрд╛ рдмреАрдорд╛ рдЦрд╝рд░реАрдж рд▓рд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдП)
  • 2-Budget-TaxationЁЯТ╝:- тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯУ╗тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯОЩтЬЛ Tax Chori Panama PANDORA SHOWS how offshore entity. (рдЕрд╕рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рдХреБрдЫ рдкрдХрдбрд╝рдиреЗ рджреЛ)
  • 3A-Intl-TradeЁЯдЭ:- тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯУ╗тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯОЩтЬЛ International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) at GIFT City has recommended changes in the Goods and Services Tax (GST) and Special Economic Zone (SEZ) Act, 2005, to make the sector attractive. (рд╡реЛ рддреЛ рдРрд╕реЗ рднреА рд╣рд╡рд╛ рднреА рд╕реБрдЭрд╛рд╡ рджреЗ рд╕рдХрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдХрд░рд╛рдзрд╛рди рдХреЗ рдХрд╛рдиреВрдиреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд╕реБрдзрд╛рд░ рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рдХрд┐ рдФрд░ рд╡рд┐рджреЗрд╢реА рдирд┐рд╡реЗрд╢ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдЖ рд╕рдХреЗ )
  • 3B-Intl-Org ЁЯдЭ:- тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯУ╗тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯОЩтЬЛ IP rights waiver on Covid essentials: Govt engaging EU, others ahead of WTO. Let the meeting happen.
  • 4a-agroЁЯСитАНЁЯМ╛:- EcoPil4A-Agro: PM Modi to repeal three farm laws 1) The Farmers Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Act, 2020, which is aimed at allowing trade in agricultural produce outside the existing APMC (Agricultural Produce Market Committee) mandis; 2) The Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement on Price Assurance and Farm Services Act, 2020, which seeks to provide a framework for contract farming; 3) The Essential Commodities (Amendment) Act, 2020, which is aimed at giving certain relief to food processing companies from the stockholding limits during inflation. Salient features of the Acts explain in detail in MrunalтАЩs Free Win20 Series (mrunal.org/download) REASONS for removal of 3 farm laws: 1) farmers were protesting fearing exploitation at the hands of MNCs similar to ola-uber drivers and zomato delivery boys. Govt was unable to convince them. 2) ЁЯШе) farm laws were for all practical purposes dead from 2021-Jan: because Supreme Court had stayed farm laws implementation тАЬuntil further ordersтАЭ. The apex court never heard the matter again even after an expert committee. ЁЯШе) problems in federalism: state governments complaining that union government is encroaching upon their legal domain. ЁЯШе) protest sites were creating problem of traffic, movement of other citizens, incidents of lynching. ЁЯШе) removal of stock limit in the Essential commodity act was creating problem for the government in controlling the pulses inflation. ЁЯШе) the present lockdown was preventing government from doing other set of reforms in agriculture such as urea subsidy electricity subsidy etc. ЁЯдФ ) protesting farm leaders were demanding new set of reforms e.g make a new law to make MSP a legal right, similar to the National Food Security Act. but this is financially difficult for the union government. But now the protesters will return to their homes so farm leaders will not be able continue the protests for MSP-legal right in an effective manner. ЁЯдФ ) RSS feared agitation was impacting social cohesion of Hindus & Sikhs in Punjab, affecting the election outcome. ЁЯШе Unofficial reasons: 1) Punjab election, strong possibility of the BJP joining hands with former chief minister Amarinder Singh 2) Preventing he rise of Rakesh Tikait in Western UP before UP election. 3) Modi was worried about his global image after Comedian Vir Das, Greta Thurnberg & Pop-star Rihanna supported farmers. ЁЯШН Way forward: ЁЯдФ Modi government can ask BJP-ruled states to reform their APMC laws to deregulate farm produce trading and enable contract cultivation. Once they do it, other states are bound to follow sooner for competitive federalism. ЁЯШН) lesson for the ruling party/Union Executive that being that the process of economic reforms has to be more consultative, more transparent and better communicated to the potential beneficiaries. It is this inclusiveness that lies at the heart of democratic functioning of India. It takes time and humility to implement reforms, given the argumentative nature of our society. But doing so ensures that everyone wins. рддреАрди рдХрд┐рд╕рд╛рди рдХрд╝рд╛рдиреВрди рдЬрд┐рд╕рдХреЗ рдкреНрд░рдореБрдЦ рдмрд┐рдВрджреБ рд╣рдо рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рд╣реА 2020 рдХреЗ рднреА рд╡реАрдбрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдкрдбрд╝ рдЪреБрдХреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдЙрд╕рдХреЛ рдореЛрджреА рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдиреЗ рд╣рдЯрд╛ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ред рдХрд┐рд╕рд╛рди рд╡рд┐рд░реЛрдз рдкреНрд░рджрд░реНрд╢рди рдХрд░ рд░рд╣реЗ рдереЗ рдХрд┐ рд╣рдорд╛рд░рд╛ рд╢реЛрд╖рдг рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛ рдмрд╣реБрд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░реАрдп рдХрдВрдкрдирд┐рдпреЛрдВ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдФрд░ рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рдЖрд╢реНрд╡рд╕реНрдд рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд░ рдкрд╛ рд░рд╣реА рдереА. рд╕реБрдкреНрд░реАрдо рдХреЛрд░реНрдЯ рдиреЗ рднреА рдЬрдирд╡рд░реА рдорд╣реАрдиреЗ рд╕реЗ рдЗрди рдХрд╛рдиреВрдиреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд╕реНрдердЧрд┐рдд рдХрд░рд╡рд╛ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛. рд░рд╛рдЬреНрдп рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░реЗрдВ рднреА рд╕рд╣рдХрд╛рд░реА рд╕рдВрдШрд╡рд╛рдж рд╣рдирди рдХрд╛ рдЖрд░реЛрдк рд▓рдЧрд╛ rhi рдереАред рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рдирдХрд╛рд░рд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЪрд▓рддреЗ рдпрд╛рддрд╛рдпрд╛рдд рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд╣рди рднреАрдбрд╝ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рд╡рдз рдХрд░рдирд╛ рдРрд╕реА рд╕рдорд╕реНрдпрд╛ред рдХрд┐рд╕рд╛рди рдиреЗрддрд╛ рдиреНрдпреВрдирддрдо рд╕рдорд░реНрдерди рдореВрд▓реНрдп рдХреЛ рдХрд╝рд╛рдиреВрди рдЕрдзрд┐рдХрд╛рд░ рдмрдврд╝рд╛рдиреЗ рдХреА рдорд╛рдБрдЧ рдХрд░ рд░рд╣реЗ рдереЗ рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рдореЛрджреА рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╡рд┐рддреНрддреАрдп рд░реВрдк рд╕реЗ рдХрд░рдирд╛ рдЕрд╕рдВрднрд╡ ред рдЕрдм рдЬреЛ рдкреБрд░рд╛рдиреЗ рдХрд┐рд╕рд╛рди рдХрд╝рд╛рдиреВрди рд╣реА рд╣рдЯрд╛ рджрд┐рдП рддреЛ рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рдирдХрд╛рд░реА рдШрд░ рд╡рд╛рдкрд╕ рд▓реМрдЯ рдЬрд╛рдПрдВрдЧреЗ рддреЛ рдХрд┐рд╕рд╛рди рдиреЗрддрд╛ MSP рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рдмрд╛рдд рдкрд░ рдЬрд╝реЛрд░рджрд╛рд░ рдкреНрд░рджрд░реНрд╢рди рдХрд░ рдирд╣рд┐ рдкрд╛рдПрдБрдЧреЗред рдкрдВрдЬрд╛рдмреА рд╣рд┐рдВрджреВ рд╕рд┐рдЦ рд╕реМрд╣рд╛рд░реНрдж рдореЗрдВ рджрд┐рдХрд╝реНрдХрд╝рдд рдЖ рд░рд╣реА рдереА рдЬрд┐рд╕реЗ BJP рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЪреБрдирд╛рд╡ рдЬреАрддрдирд╛ рдореБрд╢реНрдХрд┐рд▓ред рдореЛрджреА рдХреЛ рдЕрдкрдиреА рд╡реИрд╢реНрд╡рд┐рдХ рдЫрд╡рд┐ рдХреА рдЪрд┐рдВрддрд╛ рдереА рдХреНрдпреЛрдВрдХрд┐ Greta рдЬреИрд╕реЗ рдорд╢рд╣реВрд░ рд╡рд┐рджреЗрд╢реА рдЖрдВрджреЛрд▓рдирдХрд╛рд░реА рдХрд┐рд╕рд╛рдиреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рд╕рдорд░реНрдерди рдХрд░ рд░рд╣реЗ рдереЗ! рд╣рд╛рд▓рд╛рдБрдХрд┐ рднрд╡рд┐рд╖реНрдп рдореЗрдВ BJP рд╢рд╛рд╕рд┐рдд рд░рд╛рдЬреНрдп рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░реЗрдВ рдХрд┐рд╕рд╛рди рдиреЗрддрд╛рдУрдВ рдХреЛ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡рд╛рд╕ рдореЗрдВ рд▓реЗрдХреЗ рдЗрд╕реА рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдХреЗ рдХрд╝рд╛рдиреВрди рдЦрд╝реБрдж рднреА рддреЛ рдкрд╛рд╕ рдХрд░ рд╕рдХрддреА рд╣реИ рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж рдЕрдиреНрдп рд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпреЛрдВ рдкрд░ рднреА рджрдмрд╛рд╡ рдмрдиреЗрдЧрд╛ рдХрд┐ рд╡реЗ рднреА рдРрд╕реЗ рдХрд╝рд╛рдиреВрди рдкрд╛рд╕ рдХрд░реЗред рднрд╡рд┐рд╖реНрдп рдореЗрдВ рдХреГрд╖рд┐ рд╕реБрдзрд╛рд░ рдФрд░ рдЖрд░реНрдерд┐рдХ рд╕реБрдзрд╛рд░ рд╕реЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдиреЗ рдЬрд╝реНрдпрд╛рджрд╛ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡рд╛рд╕ рдореЗрдВ рд▓реЗрдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдП рдпреЗ рдЗрд╕ рдорд╛рдорд▓реЗ рдХрд╛ рд╕рдмрдХ рд╣реЗред

  • 4a-agroЁЯСитАНЁЯМ╛:- EcoPil4A-Agro: Farm-law repeal: ANTI Arguments ЁЯШе 1) Cropping patterns will remain skewed in favour of rice and wheat, with the granaries of the Food Corporation of India bulging with stocks of grain. The food subsidy will keep bloating and there will be large leakages. The groundwater table in the northwestern states will keep receding and methane and nitrous oxide will keep polluting the environment. ЁЯШе 2) Farmer will be continued to be exploited at the hand of APMC traders and consumers will suffer food inflation from middlemen commissions. 3) The latest Situation Assessment Survey of the NSO reveals that the income of an average agri-household in India was only Rs 10,218 per month in 2018-19. Even if we add another Rs 500 per month under the PM-KISAN scheme, still itтАЩs insufficient for decent Standard of living. APMC needs to be reformed. 4) we may witness freebies being showered in the runup to state elections, followed by more freebies before the General Election in 2024. This competitive populism can give some succour to the poor in the short run, which they deserve, having suffered badly during the pandemic period, but in the long run this will harm fiscal deficit. рдХреГрд╖рд┐ рдЕрд░реНрдерд╢рд╛рд╕реНрддреНрд░ рдХреЗ рд╡рд┐рд╢реЗрд╖рдЬреНрдЮ рдкреНрд░реЛрдлрд╝реЗрд╕рд░ рдЕрд╢реЛрдХ рдЧреБрд▓рд╛рдЯреА рдХрд╛ рдорд╛рдирдирд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдпреЗ рей рдХреГрд╖рд┐ рдХрд╝рд╛рдиреВрди рд╣рдЯрд╛рдиреЗ рд╕реЗ рдХреНрдпрд╛ рдХреНрдпрд╛ рдиреБрдХрд╝рд╕рд╛рди рд╣реЛрдВрдЧреЗред рдЧреЗрд╣реВрдВ рдФрд░ рдЪрд╛рд╡рд▓ рдХреА рдлрд╕рд▓реЛрдВ рдХреА рдкреИрджрд╛рд╡рд╛рд░ рдкрд░ рдЬрд╝реНрдпрд╛рджрд╛ рдЬрд╝реЛрд░ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдПрдЧрд╛ рдЬрд┐рд╕реЗ рдЕрд╕рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рднреБрдЬрд▓ рдХрд╝рд┐рд▓реНрд▓рдд, рд╡рд╛рдпреБ рдкреНрд░рджреВрд╖рдг, рдЬрдореАрди рдкреНрд░рджреВрд╖рдг рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛ рдЗрддреНрдпрд╛рджрд┐ред рд╣рд╛рд▓рд╛рдБрдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕ рдорд╛рдорд▓реЗ рдХрд╛ рдорд┐рд▓рддрд╛ рдЬреБрд▓рддрд╛ рдкреНрд░рд╢реНрди UPSC Mains-реирежреиреж рдкреВрдЫ рдЪреБрдХреА рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕рдХрд╛ рдореЙрдбрд▓ рдЖрдВрд╕рд░ рднреА рдореЗ рдЕрдкрд▓реЛрдб рдХрд░ рдЪреБрдХрд╛ рд╣реВрдБ https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-upsc-gsm3-2020-model-ans-agroenvironmentdisaster/63CNWIDD (https://unacademy.com/class/mrunals-upsc-gsm3-2020-model-ans-agroenvironmentdisaster/63CNWIDD)
  • 4a-agroЁЯСитАНЁЯМ╛:- EcoPil4A-Agro: TRIBAL district of Dangs in Gujarat will formally be declared an organic farming district because all farm are completely free from chemical fertilisers and pesticides. Earlier Sikkim became the hundred percent organic state after the state assembly passed a law prohibiting the entry of chemical fertilizer/pesticides. (рдЬреИрд╡рд┐рдХ рдЦреЗрддреА рдЬрд┐рд▓рд╛- рдЬрд╣рд╛рдБ рдорд╛рдирд╡ рдирд┐рд░реНрдорд┐рдд рд░рд╕рд╛рдпрдиреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рдпреЛрдЧ рд╡рд░реНрдЬрд┐рдд рд╣реЛ)
  • 4c-GDP/InflationЁЯзЕ:- EcoPil4C-GDP/Inflation: Inflation: 1) Stagflation = High inflation, low GDP growth, high unemployment. 2) core inflation = headline minus food and fuel. Then Indian express explains long winded data analysis we will not study because let ЁЯУЩЁЯУЩES22 come. (рдорд╣рдБрдЧрд╛рдИ рдореБрджреНрд░рд╛рд╕реНрдлреАрддрд┐)
  • 4c-GDP/InflationЁЯзЕ:- тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯУ╗тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯОЩтЬЛ Data for 7.3 crore registered workers across 36 states/UTs (as on Nov 11) let ЁЯУЩЁЯУЩES22 come. WeтАЩll study from there.
  • 4c-GDP/InflationЁЯзЕ:- тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯУ╗тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯОЩтЬЛ e-Shram portal тАФ the countryтАЩs first centralised database of unorganised workers seeded with Aadhaar. 7 of 10 informal workers SC, ST, OBCs; more than half work in the farm sector. Let ЁЯУЩЁЯУЩES22 come next year.
  • 5-Infra-EnergyЁЯФМ:- EcoPil5-INFRA: Energy: shale oil also called тАШtight oilтАЩ. is found in smaller batches, and deeper than conventional crude deposits. Its extraction requires hydraulic fracking- meaning creation of fractures in then pumping water-guar gum mixure to get the shaleтАЩs released. ЁЯШе India has some deposits in Barmer Hills (Rajasthan), Cambay basin in Gujarat and the Krishna Godavari basin in Andhra Pradesh. But challenges regarding the technology and deposit size. although foreign companies like Cairn exploring in Barmer. ЁЯШе when the crude oil price declines the demand of shale gas declines much faster- thus turning project unprofitable. So reliance exited from American Shale-gas business. Thus, Indian companies are not getting the technology or experience in the Shell gas drilling business.
  • 5-Infra-EnergyЁЯФМ:- EcoPil5-INFRA: Mining- Goa has two important sources of livelihood- 1) Tourism. 2) Mining. During Portuguese rule, mining rights given to businessmen for perpetuity. 1961: Liberation of Goa- Mining leases with a finite time period- expired in 2007. Afterwards litigations related to corruption in mining rights allocation, environment damage. So for the last few years mining industry has came to almost standstill. Resulting into job loss and business loss. So resumption of the mining is one of the main agenda in the election campaigning in Goa. (рдЧреЛрд╡рд╛ рдореЗрдВ рдЦрдирди рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдмрдВрдз рдХреЛ рд╣рдЯрд╛рдирд╛ рдЪреБрдирд╛рд╡реА рдореБрджреНрджрд╛ рд╣реИ)
  • 5-Infra-EnergyЁЯФМ:- тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯУ╗тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯОЩтЬЛ Green push: Gencos can sell renewable power to discoms under thermal deals. Technical rules poor cost:benefit. Sufficient to know that it will help the renewable energy market. рдХреЛрдпрд▓рд╛ рдмрд┐рдЬрд▓реА рдЙрддреНрдкрд╛рджрдХ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рд╕реЗ рдЕрдХреНрд╖рдп рдКрд░реНрдЬрд╛ рдЦрд╝рд░реАрдж рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдЬрд▓реА рдЖрдкреВрд░реНрддрд┐ рдХрдВрдкрдиреАрдпреЛ рдХреЛ рдмреЗрдЪ рдкрд╛рдП рдЙрд╕рдХреА рд╕рдм рддрдХрдиреАрдХреА рдирд┐рдпрдореЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдмрджрд▓рд╛рд╡ рд╣реЛрддреЗ rhete рд╣реЗред рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЗрддрдирд╛ рдЬрд╛рдирдирд╛ рдХрд╛рдлрд╝реА рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕рд╕реЗ рдирд╡реАрдиреАрдХрд░рдг рдКрд░реНрдЬрд╛ рдХреА рдмрд┐рдХреНрд░реА рдФрд░ рдЙрддреНрдкрд╛рджрди рдореЗрдВ рдорджрдж рдорд┐рд▓реЗрдЧреАред рдЭрдВрдбрд╛ рд▓реЗрдХреЗ рдЙрд╕рдореЗрдВ phd рдХрд░ рддреЛ рд╕рдХрддреЗ рд╣рд╛рдИ рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди реирежреж рджрд┐рди рдореЗ рдкреНрд░рд┐рд▓рд┐рдо рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдХрд╝реА рд╡рд┐рд╖рдпреЛрдВ рдХреА рдкрдврд╝рд╛рдИ рдЦрд╝рддреНрдо рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛ рдкрд╛рдПрдЧреАред
  • 5-Infra-TransportтЪУя╕П:- EcoPil5-INFRA: Railway station renaming: business of naming it is left to the discretion of the state government concerned. Change of station names is a state subject even though Railways belongs to the Union government. The state government sends the request to the Home Ministry, which then gives its approval, keeping the Railways Ministry in the loop. Usually, it is checked that no other station with the proposed name exists anywhere in India. A new station тАЬcodeтАЭ for railway operations may need to be invented. For instance for Rani Kamlapati station, the code changes from тАЬHBJтАЭ (Habibganj railway station) to тАЬRKMPтАЭ (Rani Kamlapati station) (рд╣рд╛рд▓рд╛рдБрдХрд┐ рд░реЗрд▓рд╡реЗ рд╕реНрдЯреЗрд╢рди рдХрд╛ рдорд╛рд▓рд┐рдХ рдХреЗрдВрджреНрд░ рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рд░реЗрд▓рд╡реЗ рд╕реНрдЯреЗрд╢рди рдХрд╛ рдирд╛рдордХрд░рдг рд░рд╛рдЬреНрдпреЛрдВ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ)
  • 5-Infra-Urban:- EcoPil5-INFRA: Housing. (DATA) more than 77% of the total assets of an average Indian household are held in real estate, and itтАЩs the single largest investment of an individual in his lifetime. (Origin) Consumer Protection Act, 1986 was inadequate to address the needs of homebuyers against the buildersтАЩ malpractices. So, 2016: Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERA). ЁЯШе if the building project had started but not given completion certificate in 2016- those projects not covered in law. However now Supreme Court has given the retrospective effect- so those buyers can also benefit. ЁЯШе combatative federalism: West Bengal government not implementing this law has enacted its own legislation тАФ West Bengal Housing Industry Regulation Act, 2017 (HIRA) тАФ instead of notifying rules under RERA. (реирежрезрем рдХрд╛ рд░реЗрд░рд╛ рдХрд╝рд╛рдиреВрди рд▓рд╛рдЧреВ рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рджрд┐рди рдЬреЛ рдмрд┐рд▓реНрдбрд┐рдВрдЧ рдкреНрд░реЛрдЬреЗрдХреНрдЯ рдирд┐рд░реНрдорд╛рдгрд╛рдзреАрди рдХрд┐рдП рд╣реИрдВ рдЙрди рдкрд░ рд╡реЛ рдХрд╝рд╛рдиреВрди рд▓рд╛рдЧреВ рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛ рдХреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЗрд╕ рдкрд░ рд╕реБрдкреНрд░реАрдо рдХреЛрд░реНрдЯ рдиреЗ тАЬрднреВрддрд▓рдХреНрд╖рд┐ рдЕрдореНрд▓реАрдХрд░рдгтАЭ рдХрд╛ рдлрд╝реЗрд╕рд▓рд╛ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ред рдкрд╢реНрдЪрд┐рдо рдмрдВрдЧрд╛рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рдпреЗ рдХрд╝рд╛рдиреВрди рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЛрдВрдиреЗ рдЕрдкрдиреА рд░рд╛рдЬреНрдп рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдХрд╝рд╛рдиреВрди рдмрдирд╛рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ)
  • 5-Infra-Urban:- Swachh Bharat Mission Swachh Survekshan 2021 by Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs MoHUA. A) cities with over 10 lakh population: Rank1-INDORE (fifth consecutive year), 2-Surat and 3-Vijaywada. B) Varanasi emerged as the тАШBest Ganga TownтАЩ while Ahmedabad Cantonment won the title of тАШIndiaтАЩs Cleanest CantonmentтАЩ. C) under the Prerak Daaur Samman, a new performance category introduced under Swachh Survekshan 2021, five cities тАУ Indore, Surat, Navi Mumbai, New Delhi Municipal Council and Tirupati were categorized as тАШDivyaтАЩ (Platinum).
  • 6-EduЁЯСйтАНЁЯОУ:- ASER (Annual Status of Education Report) by NGO Pratham. 16th Ediiton-2020 Telephonic survey found that 1) Share of government schools in admission increased from 65% to 70% because during Corona parents lost income so unable to afford private schools. 2) 30% rural households purchased mobile tablet to have the child for e-learning Bhatt’s problems persist 3) increased reliance on tuitions (рднрд╛рд░рдд рдХреЗ рд╢рд┐рдХреНрд╖рд╛ рдХрд┐ рд╡рд╛рд░реНрд╖рд┐рдХ рд╕реНрдерд┐рддрд┐ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЕрд╕рд░ рд░рд┐рдкреЛрд░реНрдЯ- рдлрд╝реЛрд░рдо рдХреЗ рджреМрд░рд╛рди рдЖрдорджрдиреА рдХрдо рд╣реЛрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рдЪрд▓рддреЗ рдХрдИ рдорд╛рдБ рдмрд╛рдк рдиреЗ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдмрдЪреНрдЪреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░реА рд╕реНрдХреВрд▓ рдореЗрдВ рджрд╛рдЦрд╝рд┐рд▓ рдХрд░рд╡рд╛рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ – рдХреНрдпреЛрдВрдХрд┐ рдирд┐рдЬреА рд╕реНрдХреВрд▓ рдХреА рдорд╣рдБрдЧреА рдлрд╝реАрд╕ рд╕рдореНрднрд╡ рдирд╣рд┐ред рдЗ-рд▓рд░рдирд┐рдВрдЧ рдХреА рд╕рдорд╕реНрдпрд╛рдП рдФрд░ рдЯреНрдпреВрд╢рди рд╕рдВрд╕реНрдХреГрддрд┐ рдмрдв rhi рд╣реИрдВ рдЙрд╕рдкрд░ рдЯрд┐рдкреНрдкрдгрд┐рдпрд╛ )
  • 6-Health:- Science: Cancer- BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 are proteins associated with breast tissues which help repair damaged DNA or destroy cells if the damaged DNA cannot be repaired. They are thus tumour suppressor or caretaker genes. if BRCA itself has undergone a mutation, it loses the ability to repair DNA. This increases the cancer chances in women.
  • 6-Health:- тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯУ╗тЪ╛я╕ПЁЯОЩтЬЛ Oral Diabetic drug using A nanoparticle made from a polymerised bile acid helps reinstate normal metabolism and eventually restore immune competence. This much technical science gives poor cost benefit:
  • 6-Health:- 6-HRD/Public Health: Generic drugs are chemically identical to drugs whose patent has expired. Every pharmaceutical company can manufacture and send it. e.g. Paracetamol. When chemist and customers deal in generic drugs they are mainly focusing on brand differentiation (Cadila vs Pfizer) based on profit margin, perceived quality respectively. But there is no way for the customer to find out which generic drug brand is better quality for the given price range? COMPETITION Commission of India (CCI, statutory body under the Ministry of corporate affairs) conducted a market study on the pharmaceutical sector. Then CCIтАЩs committee suggested Setting up of National Digital Drugs Databank that will help the customers make an informed decision. In a separate BizGK, FLIPKART aquires online pharma store SastaSundar.com. Pharmaeasy online pharma store startup is planning to launch its IPO. So there is also a need for regulation of the online pharmaceutical market Place. (рдЬрдм рдХрд┐рд╕реА рджрд╡рд╛рдИ рдХрд╛ рдкреЗрдЯреЗрдВрдЯ рд╕рдорд╛рдкреНрдд рд╣реЛ рдЬрд╛рдП рддреЛ рдЕрдиреНрдп рд╕рднреА рдлрд╝рд╛рд░реНрдорд╛ рдХрдВрдкрдирд┐рдпрд╛рдВ рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рдЙрддреНрдкрд╛рджрди рдХрд░ рд╕рдХрддреА рд╣реИ рдРрд╕реА рджрд╡рд╛рдИ рдХреЛ рдРрд╕реА рдкреЗрдЯреЗрдВрдЯ рдореБрдлрд╝реНрдд рджрд╡рд╛рдИ рдХреЛ рдЬреЗрдиреЗрд░рд┐рдХ рджрд╡рд╛рдПрдБ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ. рд╣рд╛рд▓рд╛рдБрдХрд┐ рдлрд┐рд░ рдРрд╕реА рдХреЛрдИ рджрд╡рд╛рдИ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХрдВрдкрдиреА рдХреА рдЦрд╝рд░реАрджреА рдЬрд╛рдП рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рдирд┐рд░реНрдгрдп рджрд╡рд╛рдИ рдХреЗ рджреБрдХрд╛рдирджрд╛рд░ рдореБрдирд╛рдлрд╝реЗ рдХреЗ рдХрдореАрд╢рди рдкрд░ рдФрд░ рдЖрдк рдЧреНрд░рд╛рд╣рдХ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдмрдбрд╝реА рдХрдВрдкрдиреА рдХреА рдЧреБрдгрд╡рддреНрддрд╛/рд╡рд┐рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рдкрди рдкрд░ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡рд╛рд╕ рд╕реЗ рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред рдХрд┐рдиреНрддреБ рдЕрдВрддрддрдГ рдЧреНрд░рд╛рд╣рдХ рдХрд╛ рд╢реЛрд╖рдг рд╣реЛ рдРрд╕рд╛ рдЬреЛрдЦрд┐рдо рд░рд╣рддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдЗрд╕рд▓рд┐рдП рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рд╕реНрдкрд░реНрдзрд╛ рдЖрдпреЛрдЧ рдХреА рдПрдХ рд╕рдорд┐рддрд┐ рдиреЗ рд╕реБрдЭрд╛рд╡ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐ рд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░реАрдп рдбрд┐рдЬреАрдЯрд▓ рджрд╡рд╛рдИ рдбреЗрдЯрд╛ рдмреИрдВрдХ рдмрдирд╛рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдП рдЬрд┐рд╕рдореЗрдВ рд╕рднреА рдХрдВрдкрдиреАрдпреЛ рдХреА рджрд╡рд╛рдЗрдпреЛрдВ рдХреА рдЧреБрдгрд╡рддреНрддрд╛ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдЬрд╛рдирдХрд╛рд░реА рд╣реЛ рддрд╛рдХрд┐ рдЧреНрд░рд╛рд╣рдХ рд╕рд╣реА рдирд┐рд░реНрдгрдп рд▓реЗ рдкрд╛рдПред)
  • 6-Rights-IssueЁЯзХ:- 6HRD: Keywords for Children development (from TN Policy): malnutrition, anaemia, infant mortality rate, under 5 mortality rate, child sex ratio, full immunization, body mass index, gross enrolment ratio at high and higher secondary level, open defecation, child marriage, child labour, gender and social exclusion. etc, Benefit: UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), 1989, National Policy for Children, 2013, the National Plan of Action 2016 and the UN document тАШTransforming our world, The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable DevelopmentтАЩ. (рдмрд╛рд▓ рд╡рд┐рдХрд╛рд╕ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рд▓рд┐рдЦрдирд╛ рд╣реЛ рддреЛ рддрдорд┐рд▓рдирд╛рдбреБ рд░рд╛рдЬреН рдХреА рдмрд╛рд▓ рд╡рд┐рдХрд╛рд╕ рдиреАрддрд┐ рд╕реЗ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдЪрд┐рдХрдиреЗ рдЪреБрдкрдбрд╝реЗ рд╢рдмреНрдж)
  • PollutionЁЯЫ║:- Environment/Pollution: 953 richest families in India own 26 per cent of the countryтАЩs GDP. If government demanded 4% climate tax from them it could be equivalent of 1% of GDP. But instead of that government levying high level of indirect taxes (GST on biscuit medicines, Excise-VAT on fuel) on common Man. Need to increase the direct taxes collection. рдЕрдореАрд░реЛрдВ рдкрд░ рдЬрд╝реНрдпрд╛рджрд╛ рдХрд░рд╛рдзрд╛рди рд▓рдЧрд╛рдХрд░ рдЬрд▓рд╡рд╛рдпреБ рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрди рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдкреИрд╕рд╛ рдЗрд╕реНрддреЗрдорд╛рд▓ рд╣реЛ

Environment-Biodiversity

  • PollutionЁЯЫ║:- Environment/Biodiv: scorpions found mostly in deserts. can survive for weeks on end with no food or water. Egypt sudden flood in Aswan region-> deathstalker scorpions came out & stung over 500 people in a night. A deathstalkerтАЩs sting can kill a child. Adults may also sicken and die, depending on their health and weight рдЗрдЬрд┐рдкреНрдЯ рдореЗрдВ рдмрд┐рдЪреНрдЫреБрдУрдВрдиреЗ рдПрдХ рд░рд╛рдд рдореЗрдВ рдкрд╛рдБрдЪрд╕реЛ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдХрд╛рдЯрд╛ред рдореВрдбреАрдЬрд╝ рдмрд╣рди рд╕реЗ рдЫреЛрдЯрд╛ рдмрдЪреНрдЪрд╛ рдорд░ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рд╡рдпрд╕реНрдХ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдорд░реЗрдЧрд╛ рдХреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╡реЛ рдЙрд╕рдХреА рд╕реНрд╡рд╛рд╕реНрдереНрдп рдФрд░ рд╡рдЬрди рдкрд░ рдирд┐рд░реНрднрд░ рд╣реИ
  • PollutionЁЯЫ║:- Environment/Biodiversity: 2015 Rajsthan Camel protection law 1) Camel slaughter prohibited 2) Possession of camel offense 3) requires the seller to obtain approval from the district magistrate before transporting the camel to another State. ЁЯШНCamel population/тмЗя╕Пslaughter. ЁЯШе Redtapism. taking man months to get the clearance. Raika and Raibari communities have been protesting, at the ongoing cattle fair in Pushkar (рд░рд╛рдЬрд╕реНрдерд╛рди рдКрдБрдЯ-рд╣рддреНрдпрд╛ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдмрдВрдз рдХрд╝рд╛рдиреВрди рдХреЗ рдЦрд╝рд┐рд▓рд╛рдлрд╝ рд╡рд┐рд░реЛрдз рд╣реЛ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИ)
  • PollutionЁЯЫ║:- Environment/Pollution: Apple to sell spare-parts and tools help aimed at fixing the most common issues with laptop display, iPhone etc. ЁЯШНE-waste reduction by prolonging the life-cycle of a product. Circular-economy, тАЬRight to RepairтАЭ
  • PollutionЁЯЫ║:- Environment/Pollution: COMMISSION for Air Quality Management (CAQM) is an Staturoy body under THE COMMISSION FOR AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION AND ADJOINING AREAS ACT, 2021 set up by the Union Environment Ministry to oversee measures to curb air pollution in the National Capital Region NCR, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. It has ordered following for NCR: 1) closing of all education institutions, including schools and colleges, till further notice, a 2) halt on all construction activities till November 21. 3) as well as work from home for 50 per cent staff in government offices. 4) Anti-smog guns, water sprinkling and dust suppressants are to be deployed thrice a day in hotspots. 5) heavy penalties are to be imposed on parties stacking construction material and waste on roads. 6) banned the use of diesel generator sets except in emergencies. (рджрд┐рд▓реНрд▓реА рдореЗрдВ рд╡рд╛рдпреБ рдкреНрд░рджреВрд╖рдг рдХреЗ рдЦрд╝рд┐рд▓рд╛рдлрд╝ рдХреЗрдВрджреНрд░ рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдХреА CAQM рдЖрдпреЛрдЧ рдиреЗ рджрд┐рд╢рд╛ рдирд┐рд░реНрджреЗрд╢ рдЬрд╛рд░реА рдХрд┐рдП- рд╕реНрдХреВрд▓ рдХреЙрд▓реЗрдЬреЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдмрдВрдж рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдП, рд╕рд░рдХрд╛рд░реА рджрдлреНрддрд░реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд╕рд┐рд░реНрдлрд╝ рдЖрдзрд╛ рдорд╛рдирд╡рдмрд▓ рдЖрдП, рдмрд╛рдХрд╝реА рд╕рдм рдШрд░ рд╕реЗ рдХрд╛рдо рдХрд░реЗрдВред рдордХрд╛рди рдирд┐рд░реНрдорд╛рдг рдкреНрд░рдХреНрд░рд┐рдпрд╛рдУрдВ рдкрд░ рд░реЛрдХ редрдкрд╛рдиреА рдЫрд┐рдбрд╝рдХрд╛рд╡, рд╕реНрдореЛрдЧ-рд░реЛрдзреА рдмрдВрджреВрдХрд╝ рдХрд╛ рдЗрд╕реНрддреЗрдорд╛рд▓ред рдбреАрдЬрд╝рд▓ рд╡рд┐рджреНрдпреБрдд рдЬрдирд░реЗрдЯрд░ рдкрд░ рд░реЛрдХ, рд╕рд┐рд╡рд╛рдп рдХреЗ рдЖрдкрд╛рддрдХрд╛рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рдкреНрд░рдпреЛрдЧ рдХрд░рдирд╛ рдкрдбрд╝реЗред)
  • Summit/Agreement-Multilateral:- UNFCCC COP26, Glasgow UK Summit. British politician ALOK SHARMA was PRESIDENT OF THIS YEARтАЩS CLIMATE CONFERENCE. Outcomes. What COP26 achieved ЁЯШН 1) Asked countries to make efforts to reduce use of coal as a source of fuel, and abolish тАЬinefficientтАЭ subsidies on fossil fuels. ЁЯШН2) Asked the developed countries to at least double the money being provided for adaptation by 2025 from 2019 levels. And give $100 billion by 2023. ЁЯШН 3) Already Mitigation target= the 2┬░C goal. But, a similar global goal on adaptation has been missing, so in the next two years they will try to define the target for adaptation. ЁЯШе 4) LOSS AND DAMAGE mechanism mentioned in Warsaw summit 8 years back. But nothing concrete yet still giving lipservice. ЁЯШН 5) CARBON MARKET: Such a market allows countries, or industries, to earn carbon credits for the emission reductions. While Developing countries like India, China or Brazil have large amounts of carbon credits left over because of the lack of demand, as many countries abandoned their emission reduction targets. So, Glasgow Pact has offered some reprieve to the developing countries. It has allowed these carbon credits to be used in meeting countriesтАЩ first NDC targets (i.e. until 2025), but not subsequent NDC targets. 6) Asked countries to strengthen their 2030 climate action plans, or NDCs (nationally-determined contributions), by next year 7) an annual meeting of ministers to raise ambitions of 2030 climate actions 8) member countries need to present an annual synthesis report about NDC progress. ЁЯШН on sidelines of the summit, parallel progress made by individual nations 1) India announced a Panchamitra (a mixture of five elements) of climate actions (REF EARLIER EXCEL) 2) Over 100 countries signed pact against deforestation by 2030. India didnot sign) 3) Over 30 countries signed on to a declaration promising to work towards a transition to 100% zero-emission cars by the year 2040. India signed. 4) COP26: Some leaders wanted to тАЬPHASE OUTтАЭ Coal. But India China and others opposed the draft so now тАЬPHASE DOWN COAL. And fossil fuel subsidies. India’s apprehension because if we stop giving LPG cylinder subsidies people will cut firewood тЖТ air pollution, deforestation, women hardship. (рдЬрд▓рд╡рд╛рдпреБ рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддрди рдХреЗ рдЦрд╝рд┐рд▓рд╛рдлрд╝ рдЧреНрд▓рд╛рд╕рдЧреЛ рдкрд░рд┐рд╖рдж рдХрд╛ рдирд┐рд╖реНрдХрд░реНрд╖: рдХреЛрдпрд▓реЗ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рдпреЛрдЧ рдХрдо рдХрд░реЗрдВ- рд╣рд╛рд▓рд╛рдБрдХрд┐ рдХреБрдЫ рдиреЗрддрд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рддреЗ рдереЗ рдХрд┐ рдХреЛрдпрд▓реЗ рдХрд╛ рд╕рдВрдкреВрд░реНрдг рд░реВрдк рд╕реЗ рдкреНрд░рддрд┐рдмрдВрдзрд┐рдд рд╣реЛ рдЬрд╛рдП рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рднрд╛рд░рдд рдЪреАрдиреА рддрд┐рд╡рд╛рд░реА рдиреЗ рд╡рд┐рд░реЛрдз рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛ред рд╡рд┐рдХрд╕рд┐рдд рджреЗрд╢реЛрдВ рдиреЗ 2030 рддрдХ рд╕реМ рдмрд┐рд▓рд┐рдпрди рдбреЙрд▓рд░ рджреЗрдиреЗ рд╣реЛрдВрдЧреЗред рдПрдбреЗрдкреНрдЯреЗрд╢рди рдпрд╛рдиреА рдЕрдиреБрдХреВрд▓рди рдХреА рд╡реНрдпрд╛рдЦреНрдпрд╛ рдЕрдЧрд▓реЗ рджреЛ рд╕рд╛рд▓ рдореЗрдВ рдирд┐рд░реНрдзрд╛рд░рд┐рдд рд╣реЛрдЧреАред рдиреБрдХрд╝рд╕рд╛рди рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕рдХреА рднрд░рдкрд╛рдИ рдХреЗ рдорд╛рдорд▓реЗ рдореЗрдВ рдХреЛрдИ рд╕рдВрддреЛрд╖рдЬрдирдХ рдирд┐рд░реНрдгрдпред рднрд╛рд░рдд рдмреНрд░рд╛рдЬрд╝реАрд▓ рдЪреАрди рдЗрддреНрдпрд╛рджрд┐ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдЬрдорд╛ рдХрд╛рд░реНрдмрди рдХреНрд░реЗрдбрд┐рдЯ 2025 рддрдХ рдмреЗрдЪ рдкрд╛рдПрдВрдЧреЗред рдЖрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рд╡рд░реНрд╖реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд╕рд╛рд▓рд╛рдирд╛ рд░реВрдк рд╕реЗ рдХрд╛рд░реНрдпрдкреНрд░рдЧрддрд┐ рдХрд╛ рд▓реЗрдЦрд╛ рдЬреЛрдЦрд╛ рджреЗрдирд╛ рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛ред рдЗрд╕ рдкрд░рд┐рд╖рдж рдХреЗ рд╕рдорд╛рдВрддрд░- рдЬрдВрдЧрд▓ рдХрдЯрд╛рдИ рд░реБрдЦрд╝ рд╕реЗ рдЫреЗрджрди рдХреЗ рдЦрд╝рд┐рд▓рд╛рдлрд╝ рдПрдХ рдФрд░ рд╕рдордЭреМрддрд╛ рд╣реБрдЖ рд▓реЗрдХрд┐рди рднрд╛рд░рдд рдиреЗ рдЙрд╕ рдкрд░ рд╣рд╕реНрддрд╛рдХреНрд╖рд░ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ред 2040 рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж рд╢реВрдиреНрдп рдЙрддреНрд╕рд░реНрдЬрди рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рдЧрд╛рдбрд╝рд┐рдпрд╛рдВ рдмреЗрдЪреА рдЬрд╛рдП рдЙрд╕ рд╕рдордЭреМрддреЗ рдкрд░ рднрд╛рд░рдд рдиреЗ рд╣рд╕реНрддрд╛рдХреНрд╖рд░ рдХрд┐рдПред