[Freedom Struggle] Moderate & Extremist movements against British Rule in India, Rise of Indian National Congress (INC)

1. Prologue
2. HFS7/P1: Understanding State, Nation & Nationality
3. HFS7/P2: Rise of nationalism and politics of association in British India
4. HFS7/P3: Indian National Congress: origin, aims, objectives, safety-valve
5. HFS7/P4: Moderates in India’s struggle for independence
6. HFS7/P5: Extremists in India’s struggle for independence

Prologue

• So far in the history-freedom struggle lecture series, Mr.Pratik Nayak covered the entry and establishment of the British in India and India’s traditional response to British occupation such as 1857 and other revolts..
• Now the topic progresses further to India’s modern responses to British rule such as moderate and extremist movements and rise of Indian National Congress.
• Powerpoints available @Mrunal.org/download Under Mediafire=>powerpoints=>3_History

HFS7/P1: Understanding State, Nation & Nationality

• Recap of the previous lectures: British conquest of India, development of civil services and modern education in India, Gov generals of Bengal and India, Indian response to British rule – so far the traditional response has been covered such as the 1857 sepoy mutiny, civilian and tribal revolts.
• Today’s topics: development of nationalism and politics of association in India
• understanding the term “state”
• what is the difference between nation, and state and nationality?
• Characteristics or features of nationality

Youtube Link: https://youtu.be/dapS7NXGshQ

HFS7/P2: Rise of nationalism and politics of association in British India

• factors causing the growth of nationalism: impact of British rule, inspiration from Western ideas, modern education, literature and place, emergence of new social classes and political parties, social religious reform movements
• the rise of politics of association in India – Bangabhasha Prakasika Sabha, Zamindari association, bangle British India society, British India in association, East India Association, Indian league, Indian Association, Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, Madras Mahajan Sabha, Bombay Presidency Association
• previous UPSC prelims questions asked from this topic

Youtube Link: https://youtu.be/ESiYquGkPOg

HFS7/P3: Indian National Congress: origin, aims, objectives, safety-valve

• formation of Indian National Congress in the year 1885
• A.O.Hume and the safety valve theory behind the origin of Indian National Congress
• Role of Dababhai Naoroji, Pherozshah Mehta, W.C.Bonnerjee, S.N. Banerjee in the formation of INC.
• Aims and objectives of Congress: nation building, development of national leadership and political democracy, nurturing Indian nationhood.

Youtube Link: https://youtu.be/zK5Db27zeOI

HFS7/P4: Moderates in India’s struggle for independence

• rise of moderate political leaders in British India
• the ideas of Moderate political leaders- constitutional agitation, liberalism, resolution, petitions and meetings
• Demands of Moderate leaders: revenue reduction, expenditure reduction, favourable exchange rates for Indian currency, trade policy is, representation on democratic lines in Indian legislative Council and Judiciary; demand for civil rights such as freedom of speech freedom of press
• official attitude of the British towards INC and Moderates.
• Assessment of the moderates’ movement with special emphasis on Indian councils act 1861.

Youtube Link: https://youtu.be/uQPrCBy0dDg

HFS7/P5: Extremists in India’s struggle for independence

• factors leading to rise of extremist movement for India’s freedom: emergence of younger leaders and their dissatisfaction with Indian National Congress, famines and economic miseries, official secrets act, Lord Curzon’s oppressive rule and the partition of Bengal
• influence of Ethiopian struggle, Boer-wars, Japanese victory over Russia and other nationalist movements all over the world against European imperialism.
• Main leaders of extremist movement: Lal-Bal-Pal and Tilak.
• Next lecture: partition of Bengal and swadeshi movement (1905 – 1908)

Youtube Link: https://youtu.be/j7v78-bOdfc
Visit youtube.com/user/TheMrunalPatel for more lectures on UPSC civil services IAS/IPS Exam.