- Diplomacy in News: Sept.2016
- Indus water treaty 1960
- Should India stop water to Pakistan?
- Bilateral Diplomacy- Sep.2016
- GSM2: International Org. / Groupings
- G20 Summit, 2016
- What is G20 Sherpa?
- Other Intl. org in news
- India not Involved: Sept.2016
- Columbia Referendum & Nobel Peace Prize 2016
- Middle East in News: Sept.2016
- Defense in news: Sept.2016
- PAVA Shells for crowd control
- Defense: Exercise, Tests & Purchases in Sept-2016
- Defense: Controversies in Sept-2016
- Terrorism in News: Sept.2016
- Dead in News: Sept.2016
- Diaspora and Awards related
- Controversial in News: Sept.2016
Diplomacy in News: Sept.2016
In previous part, we saw Environment, Science-Tech, Public health care related current affairs in Sept.2016.
Now moving to Diplomacy and international relations related current affairs for various competitive exams.
Indus water treaty 1960
It was signed between between India and Pakistan with World Bank as negotiator.

Treaty Divides Indus river system in 2-parts
3 Western Rivers |
3 Eastern Rivers |
- Chenab
- Jhelum
- Indus**
hint: CJI: Chief Justice of India has no jurisdiction over Pakistan! Hence we’ve to give water of these rivers to Pak. |
- Sutlej**
- Beas
- Ravi
Hint: SBI nahi “R”. “S” for saffron =Hindustan’s exclusive right.
(कोई भी तुक लगाके रट्टा मारो जिंदाबाद!) |
- India has to let the western rivers flow to Pak in ‘unrestricted’ manner to Pak.
- India can use this water for ‘non-consumptive’ purpose only.
- India may use it for irrigation, storage, electricity only as specified in treaty. (though we’ve not done it yet).
|
India has full rights over Eastern Rivers |
- ** these two rivers originate in China. Others originate in India.
- Each country has to appoint a commissioner, they’ve meet @ every 6 months.
Should India stop water to Pakistan?
- Pakistan’s 65% geographical area and 90% irrigated area will be dried. Millions of Pakistanis will be deprived of water, electricity and food (cause no water no crops).
- But, India always complied with treaty, even during Kargil war, we didn’t stop water. We are a peaceful, humanitarian, law abiding country.
- Srinagar, Jammu and Punjab will get floods, if we stop the water going to Pak.
- Besides, unlikely that Pak will stop terrorism. In fact, water shortage may be used as another propaganda to incite jihadis and ordinary Pak.Youth against India.
Pakistan: other developments in September 2016
MFN |
- Under WTO’s Most favored nation (MFN) status, a country is supposed to treat all members as their most-favoured nations during international trade.
- We’ve given this status to Pak but they have not reciprocated.
- After Uri-Terror attack, India thinking of revoking this status but experts say we already have trade-surplus with Pak so if trade-barriers imposed, it’ll only hurt our exporters more than their exporters, especially in raw-cotton and vegetables.
|
SAARC |
- SAARC Finance minister’s summit was be held in Islamabad. Jaitley didn’t go for political reasons, sent one of the IAS secretaries instead.
- 19th SAARC Summit was to be held at Islamabad, but India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Lanka and Afghanistan boycott it due to Uri terror attack. Nepal holds the ‘chair’ for this round.
|
Baluchistan |
- At UN human rights council Geneva, India raises concerns over Pak atrocities in Baluchistan.
- Brahumdagh Bugti: this Baloch separatist leader in Switzerland wants asylum in India.
|
Republic Day 2017 |
Chief guest at republic day of India on 26th January
- 2015: Obama
- 2016: Francois Hollande (France)
- 2017: Crown Prince Sheikh Mohamed Bin Zayed Al Nahyan (Abu Dhabi). UAE considered a strong ally of Pak, so, he’s invited to make Pak. Nervous.
|
Hindu marriage |
- Hindus account for 1.6% of Pak population, until now they couldn’t legally register their marriage.
- Bunt finally Pak-Loksabha cleared Hindu marriage bill.
|
Chaman border |
Its bab-e-Dosti gate connects Afghanistan with Pak. Recently opened again. |
Kashmir |
- All party delegation goes to Kashmir to talk with all stakeholders.
- Government planning to downgrade security protection of separatist leaders, scrutinize their bank accounts but later on u-turn after opposition parties oppose
|
Bilateral Diplomacy- Sept. 2016
India-USA |
- Signed LEMOA: Logistics exchange memorandum of agreement – so both militaries can use each others’ base for repair and restocking.
- Now Pak-China also exploring similar security-pact. China to gain more- in its military reach towards Western Asia.
- Navtej Sarna becomes India’s new ambassador to USA.
|
Afghanistan |
- Prez Ashraf Ghani met Modi @New Delhi.
- Afghan government signs peace deal with terrorist/warlord “Gulbudding Hekmatyar” to absorb him into mainstream politics.
|
68 countries |
Where no minister has gone before- Modi government will send ministers- to improve bilateral ties and attract more FDI. |
Estonia |
- Launched “E-residency” program, meaning outsider can establish, own and run EU-based companies online in Estonia. IT minister Prasad is given e-residency.
|
India-Egypt |
- President Abdel Fattah Al Sisi to visit Modi @Delhi.
|
Erbil |
- Erbil is the capital of Iraqui Kurdistan. India will open a consulate here.
|
GSM2: International Org. / Groupings
For Prelim-MCQs: Venue, Themes, Participants, Outcomes are important.
G20 Summit, 2016
Location? |
At Hangzhou, China. |
Theme? |
an innovative, invigorated, interconnected and inclusive world economy. |
- India to oppose USA’s move for subsidy end on fossil fuel, and oppose China’s move to setup an info-sharing center against corruption.
- India unhappy with China because 1) signing of CPEC economic corridor between Pak-China 2) no support to declare Masood Azhar as Terrorist 3) no support for NSG membership.
- India demands sanction against Pak for sponsoring terrorism.
- Due to pressure by India-China, No mention of Paris Summit ratification deadline in G20. (but anways, we ratified it on 2nd Oct 2016, China ratified in Sept.2016)

What is G20 Sherpa?
- Sherpa: is a personal representative of a country’s leader. He ensures smooth proceedings and background coordination during NSG, G8 and G20 summits- just like the Nepali Sherpas do, during Mount Everest climbing they help the adventurers.
- NITI Vice-chief Arvind Panagariya acted as Sherpa for G20 summit in both 2015 and 2016.
Other Intl. org in news
UN peacekeeping |
UN deducts Rs.338 crores from payment to India, because we had supplied defective equipments to our peacekeeping forces in Congo and Sudan |
NAM |
- Nonaligned movement (NAM) founded in 1961,
- latest 17th Summit in Venezuela’s Margarita island (2016, sept.); President of Venezuela is Nicolas Maduro.
- Theme: Peace, Sovereignty and Solidarity for Development.
- Modi becomes 2nd PM not to participate in it, after Charan Singh (1979).
- India will be represented by VP Hamid Ansari.
|
BRICS |
BRICS summit planned next month, but their NSAs met in 2016-July, decided to launch joint fight against terrorism coming from WANA (West Asia, N.Africa) |
India not Involved: Sept.2016
Columbia-FARC & Nobel Peace Prize 2016
- Columbia (Capital Bogota): civil war raging between government vs. Leftist rebel groups-FARC and ELN.
- After 52 years of blooth-bath, president Juan Manuel Santos signed peace agreement with FARC at Cartagena, Spain. (and got Nobel Peace Prize 2016 for it).
- FARC guerrillas agreed to end armed conflict and join political process.
- But later on public-referendum rejected this peace deal by less than 60,000 votes, because a section of public is unhappy that guerilla leaders will get away unpunished for their crimes and murders under this peace deal!
- Now, government will have to go back on negotiation table with FARC.
Other developments where India not involved: Sept.2016
USA |
- USA to lift economic sanctions from Mynmar after military junta regime replaced by democratic regime under leadership of Suu Kyi.
- USA to provide $38 billion to Israel for its security, under the biggest American defense deal signed so far.
- JASTA law: permits US families to sue Saudi Arabia for damages in 9/11 bombing. Obama uses presidential veto to block it, fearing that other countries might sue USA for similar thing / Saudis may pull investment from USA. But US lawmakers reject veto.
|
Brazil |
President Dilma Rousseff impeached. Her vice president Michel Temer tookover- he’ll be president for the remainder of the term I.e. 28 months. But opposition demanding his resignation as well. |
N.Korea |
Tested biggest nuclear bomb. |
Middle East in News: Sept.2016
Intifada |
Arabic word “shake off”- Palestinians used in context of throwing Israelis off the West Bank and Gaza. |
Aleppo |
Syrian city under control of Rebels. Syrian government, with help of Russia, has launched air strike, bombing on this city. |
Saudi-Russia |
Signed crude oil pact so in future during global glut (excessive supply) of crude oil- they may limit output to control the fall in prices. |
Kuwait |
New law- all have to submit DNA samples before entering/leaving- Bidoon Minority may be persecuted. |
Defense in news: Sept.2016
For MCQs and Interview Questions in CAPF, CDS, SSB and AFCAT.
PAVA Shells for crowd control

Meaning |
- Pelargonic acid Vanillylamid is a synthetic pepper extract
- This organic compound also found in World’s hottest Chill- “bhot Jolokiya” (North Eastern States of India.)
- Shell can be launched from teargas gun. Range: ~135 meters.
- Bulk production at Tear Smoke Unit (TSU) of the BSF in Gwalior
|
Why introduced? |
- PAVA shells introduced after pellet shotgun injuries led to blindness among rioters in Jammu and Kashmir.
- PAVA shells biosafe, less-lethal, more effective than tear gas and chilli bombs.
|
Ineffective for crowd control? |
- CRPF-jawans complained PAVA shells not effective in crowd control, their chemical is very dilute and releases very slowly.
- Besides, PAVA shells useless when rioter is very close to policemen, about to throw petrol bomb etc- in those situations pallet gun is the only solution.
- JK HC says Pallet guns can’t be banned, because if protest/mob turns violent then use by security forces is inevitable.
- US/UK police use “Skunk” – a non-toxic malodorant. May be we can explore it
|
Defense: Tests & Purchases in Sept-2016
LRSAM |
Long range surface to air missile developed jointly with Israel. DRDO tested @Chandipur. |
Rafael |
- India-France conclude 59k crore deal to purchase Rafael aircrafts
- 28 single seaters + 8 two-seaters. = 36 aircrafts will be purchased
- They’ll be Fitted with meteor and scarp missiles and 14 India specific enhancement.
- Detailed features and positive-negative features (for CDS/SSB interviews) are given in this article
|
Defense: Controversies in Sept-2016
Scorpene Submarine |
- 2005: under Project 75, India making these stealth submarines with help of French company DCNS.
- But an Australian newspaper says confidential data leaked about this submarine’s design.
|
Embraer |
This Brazilian company sold three AEW&C earlier warning aircrafts to DRDO in 2008. Now allegations of bribery in the deal. |
AN-32 |
This IAF aircraft went missing in Bay of Bengal, in 2016-July. IAF now officially declared that all 29 people onboard are “presumed dead.” |
Porters |
- Indian army uses 12,000 portals to send ration to soldiers in Siachen and Kargil. But porters denied pension, treated like animals-observed SC.
|
Terrorism in News: Sept-2016
Relevance: GSM2 (IR) and GSM3 (Internal Security)
Uri Attack, Kashmir
- Deadliest terror attack on Indian Army. 17+ soldiers killed.
- Indian army retaliates by conducting a surgical strike on 4 terror-launch pads in PoK.
India should avoid direct war because
- Not sufficient ammo, and we rely on 6-7 nations for military supplies- some of them are unreliable in emergency, while Pak relies mainy on China.
- deep state within Pak. State- run by army and ISI
- Lack of proper policy against attack, kidnap, hijack
- Need chief of defense staff; need to remove civil-military bureaucratic dissonance
- Desi military-industrial complex has to be upgraded, by revamping DRDO-DPSU
Terrorism -other news: Sept.2016
Zakir Naik |
Televangelist under lens for allegedly inciting youth to join terrorism/ISIS. In news because of the controversy surrounding the renewal of his NGO-license. |
Preet Bharara |
- USA attorney who played instrumental role in indictment of IFS officer Devyani. He recently visited India for a counter-terror conference.
- USA intel agencies agreed to exchange terrorism related info via internet to India agencies, under “Emergency Disclosure request (EDR).”
|
Manhattan bombing |
Deshi (=crude/homemade) bomb explodes in Manhattan, NY- injuring 29. |
Dead in News: September 2016
Donald Ainsle (DA) Henderson |
Epidemiologist from USA who played an important role in the fight against Smallpox. |
Reinhard Selten |
This German economist had won Nobel for “Game theory” in 1994. |
Mother Teresa |
- Born as Anjeze Gonxhe Bojaxhlu in an Albanian family in Maceodonia (1910)
- Known for humanitarian work in Kolkata.
- Will be canonized as “Saint Teresa of Calcutta” at Vetican, in 2016- Sept.
- External Affairs minister Sushma Swaraj to attend.
|
Isabelle Dinoire |
This french woman was world’s first recipient of face transplant but died of cancer, after the face-transplant drugs decreased her immunity to cancer. |
Islam Karimov |
President of Uzbekistan. Died after iron rule over the country for >25 years. |
Deen Dayal Upadhyay |
- Born on 25th Sept. 1916, Vilalge Nagla Chanrabhan, near Mathura in UP.
- Birth centenary in 2016. Two committees formed by PM to commemorate it in grand manner.
|
Simon Peres |
- 1993: Signed Oslo Accord for peace deal with PLO.
- Won 1994 Nobel Peace prize along with Rabin and Yasser Arafat.
- Ex-President of Israel, till 2014.
- Died of Stroke
|
BK Bansal |
- EX DG in Corporate affairs ministry, committed suicide along with son, after alleged harassment by CBI.
|
Diaspora and Awards related
Miss Priyanka Yoshikawa |
Daughter of Indian father and Japanese mother- she won Miss Japan title. She has license to train elephants. |
Abid Riaz Qureshi |
This Pakistani American became the first Muslim federal judge of USA. He was nominated by Obama. |
Ramesh Raskar |
This Nasik born Indian-American scientist has won Lemelson-MIT prize worth 5 lakh dollars. |
Abraham Verges |
This India-American physician is given 2015 National humanities Medal by Prez. Obama. |
Ig Nobel Prize |
Given for ridiculous researchers in science e.g. effect of polyester pants on sexual life of rats. |
Controversial in News: Sept.2016
Keith Vaz |
Longest serving Indian origin-UK MP, implicated in sex-scandal. |
Nicholas Sakozi |
Ex-President of France, accused of overspending during previous election campaign. |
Rodrigo Duterte |
- President of Philippines. Called Obama a “son of whore”.
- Said just like Hitler killed 3 million jews, I’ll kill 3 million drug junkies.
- Said he’d not mind stopping jt. Military exercises with USA and will warm up with China- if USA continues to treat him like a ‘doormat’. (Oct 2016)
|
SPS Rathod |
Ex-DGP of Haryana found guilty of molesting Ruchika Girhotra in 1993, but spared from Jail |
Scarlett Keeling |
Raped and murdered in 2008, accused acquitted. |
Marc Anwar |
Pak actor removed from UK-sitcom after he posted racially abusive tweets against Indians. |
Next Polity and economy related Current Affairs in September 2016.
Please notify me of new posts.
Bhai u r great.
Great Work !!!
notify me of new posts
ok
Awsome sir! Plzz continue
keep up the gud work!!!
thanks alot
Sir its been highly knowledgeable and rewarding, I request you to please continue this for whole year….
Notify me
Thanks sir
Thanks …MRUNAL BHAI..
Thanks …MRUNAL BHAI…..
Any number of sites may keep coming up… But, there is one & only one Mrunal.org…
Sir i would like to know about the DAF mains 2016. I am a B tech graduate and in my degree certificate,there is no mention of my final year mark, it is a separate marklist sheet. But according to upsc, we need to scan degree certificate and they are not mentioned anything about final marklist. So, do i need to scan both of it means both degree certificate as well as final mark list. please reply as soon as possible.
thanks
nirmala.
Thanks sir
Hello sir thanks a lot for such a great lectures sit I am Neha I am unable take coaching so following you I am belonging a very town can I crack it what should I do I am following your strategy that’s it I completed my graduation sir plz guide me I have no guidance.. Thanks
It’s great mrunal sir,your explanations are just bang on!!!!!!, i have gone through many sites which are good for preparations but eventually they make things even more difficult to understand,your’s is very clear and conceptual. To learn simply but holistically is the key,
Sir doing a gr8 job Sr
sir, can u plz suggest me some reference books for geology optional…..thank you sir…
sir i have degree in b.tech IT..kya mai review officer ka form bhar sakta hu….i dont have doecc O level certificate….plaese reply….
Ankit Btech wale sab bhar sakte h..unki jindagi ab dukho ka sagar ho gai h ..
sach me :(
Hi Mrunal Sir,
Very Good explanation. Thank u sir. We are not able to view the images in the Aptitude section. So we are not able to understand the concept. Please help us in viewing the image
Marvelous sir, Verily u created a platform which has no pair to contribute in the country… we are totally indebted to you greatness. our best wishes are with you. Thank you sir. Hope you will keep it continue…
If anyone can confirm that I do not need to send DAF by post i.e. just online submission is all that is required. If so then can you please tell the reference for this.Thanking you in advance.
Hi Raj, It is there in the instructions -Home section of DAF: 4.2 ; last line in bold.
Candidates must note that they should upload only the scanned copies of the Original documents and no document is required to be sent by Post or by Hand.
Please reply to my doubts if possible – Work experience certificate copy have to be uploaded? final year marklist plus degree certificate is needed? I am not applying to IPS then what to do in the cadre section?
please reply ..anybody..
Hello Nirmala,
Thanks for your reply ,actually I had in my mind that I have read this somewhere but after completing DAF you can not access those instructions again. So I read gazette again and again in vain.
I have not uploaded experience certificate although I am still working, it is not needed as they have not said anywhere in instructions. Final year marks sheet and degree is to be attached (I have uploaded all marks sheets and certificates from higher secondary to graduate as no problem with additional sheets as long as doc size is less than 3 MB ). Not sure about IPS preference as I have given it in priority. But I think you may refer gazette for that.
Hope it help.
Thanks a lot.. I will do the same. I gave IPS as my last preference hence i solved that issue.
If u don’t want to give any preference to any post u can just write 99 in front of that, it’s written in instructions.
Actually i have one more doubt.
There is no provision for photo and signature right?? please reply me.
Yes, there is no provision to upload photograph and signature. I have filled and submitted the DAF and in the final form, UPSC has attached the photograph and signature uploaded by the candidate in the preliminary stage. I hope this clarifies your doubts
Bhai 200 words ki limit hogi answer mein…..esa na ho jada page dikhe to 3MB ki tarah answer bhi jada likhne lago……vaise soochna hetu marksheet ki avyashakta nahi h …degree kafi h …upsc IIT ki tarah nahi h ki 60 percent marks jaruri h ..unko sirf ”required qualification” se lena dena h…
quoting the same –
”A candidate must upload along with DAF a scanned copy of the relevant certificate showing that he has one of the qualifications prescribed in Rule 7 of CSE Rules, 2016. The certificate uploaded must be one issued by the authority (i.e. University or other examining body) awarding the particular qualification
Now let me quote Rule 7
”A candidate must hold a degree of any of the
Universities incorporated by an Act of the Central or State
Legislature in India or other educational institutions
established by an Act of Parliament or declared to be deemed
as a University under Section 3 of the University Grants
Commission Act, 1956 or possess an equivalent qualification.”
Degree that is what they have mentioned..
Lagane ko u can upload your Adhar card even
Thank you sir.
Dear sir,
I want all currunt updates in hindi la nguage.
Is there any options on your site??
I am preparing civil service & completed my coaching classes. But some time I don’t have confidence to compete the CIVIl EXAM ?. And don’t how to crack the exam .
Anyone help me ?????
## Currently I am working BPO Company because my finically condition is not good .
I want to crack this exam .!!!
1 – How to prepare the exam ?
2 – What time to give our study ? (A day)
Please Help Me ?? !!!!
I want to ask whether I have to produce an experience certificate for the private sector employment which I fill in the DAF.
No, but you will have to produce at the time of the interview an NOC from you employer
sir ,
please notify me new post
No provision at all, but when you will submit the DAF then there will be an option to take print out of whole application and you will see your photo on 1st page of that print out.
Thanks for the help. Submitted successfully..