- Prologue
- Interior of the earth
- Rocks and minerals of the earth’s crust
- Continents and Oceans
- Earthquake
- Volcano & Volcanic Landforms
Prologue
- Geography series by Dr.Kevin Virani, Faculty SPIPA, Ahmedabad
- Videos not available but PDFs of the powerpoints themselves cover all the descriptions
- Language: English
- Utility: Geography for UPSC Civil Services General Studies Paper, CAPF, CDS and similar competitive exams.
- Following topics are covered in the PDF file given at the bottom of this article
Interior of the earth
- Explain Nebular theory of Laplace.
- Internal structure of the earth – indirect evidences- Temperature, pressure and density changes
- Earth’s crust : SiAl, SiMA, Edward Sues Model
- Mantle of the earth : asthenosphere, mesosphere, low velocity zone, moho-discontinuity
- What is lithosphere?
- Core of the earth : Barosphere, NiFe, outer and inner core
- Discontinuity in the internal structure of the earth : Conrad discontinuity, Mohorovicic (moho-) discontinuity, Repetti discontinuity, Weichert-Gutenberg discontinuity and Lehman discontinuity
- Composition of the interior of the earth : 8 major rock forming elements
Rocks and minerals of the earth’s crust
- Difference between rocks and minerals
- Classification of rocks.
- Igneous rock : features of the igneous rocks, primary or basic rocks.Explain:Types of Igneous rock : acidic and basic igneous rock, Intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks, plutonic igneous rocks, Hypobassal igneous rocks, Batholiths, laccoliths, sill, stocks, dyke
- Sedimentary rock : classification, making of sedimentary rocks, Mechanically, organically and chemically formed sedimentary rocks
- Metamorphic rock : formation and types of metamorphic rocks
- Example of metamorphic rocks
- Explain Rock cycle.
Continents and Oceans
- Explain:Continental drift theory: PANGAEA (all earth), PANTHALASSA(all water),laurasia (northern) and gondwana (southern) and Tethys between them, EVIDENCES in support of Continental drift theory ,Limitation of Continental Drift theory
- Convectional current theory by Arthur Holmes. Explain in detail.
- Sea-floor spreading by Harry Hass. Explain in detail: Mid Oceanic Ridge (MOR) ,Oceanic trench
- Explain: Palaeo-magnetism by Vine and Matthews.
Plate tectonic Theory
- What is a tectonic plate,Continental and oceanic plate?
- Plates of the world – major(7) plates & minor plates?
- Plate Interactions
- Divergent Boundary : Phases of Divergent continental crust ,Rift valley > nascent sea > ocean, Map work: Major Lakes of the World ,Map : The Great African rift valley : Formation of the East African Rift System
- Convergent Boundary :Island arc ,Volcanic mountains ,Fold mountains
- Transverse Boundary – San Andreas fault
- Meteorite Impact theory. Explain.
Earthquake
- What is an earthquake? – definition of earthquake
- What is focus and epicentre of an earthquake?Explain:Shallow focus, intermediate and deep focus earthquake
- Explain:Types of an earthquake –Tectonic earthquakes, Volcanic earthquakes, collapse earthquake, explosion earthquake and reservoir earthquake
- Types of seismic waves
- Body waves : P waves and its movement direction, S waves and its movement direction
- Surface waves: L waves – most dangerous, R waves
- Shadow zones of seismic waves : P wave shadow zone, S wave shadow zone
- Measurement of an earthquake :Richter scale – magnitude scale ,Mercalli scale – intensity scale
Explain:World distribution of earthquake :Circum-pacific belt, Mid-Atlantic belt, Mid-continental belt
Consequences of EQs :Types of damage and its constructive effects.
Volcano & Volcanic Landforms
- Volcano – general definition. Explain Magma Vs. Lava.
- Cause of volcanism – Distribution of Volcanism: Pacific Ring of Fire, Mid Oceanic Ridge, Mediterranean volcanism, Hot Spot Volcanoes
- Difference between: Basaltic eruption and andesitic eruption .
- Map work : Formation of Hawaii islands
- Map work : Aleutian Islands – formation
- Intrusive volcanic Landforms:Batholiths, laccoliths, lapoliths, phaccoliths, sill, stocks, dyke
- Extrusive volcanic landforms :Lava plateaus – Indian Deccan trap
- Give the list of lava plateaus of the world.
- Type of volcanoes / Volcanic cones – Shield / Dome volcano, Cinder cones, Composite Cones
- Explain:Crater Vs. caldera
- Map work : major volcanoes of Italy
- Map work : volcanoes of Philippines
- Difference between: geyser and Hot spring
- Comparison : geyser , fumaroles and hot spring
- What is Geo-thermal energy and limitations of geo-thermal energy.
- Active – dormant and extinct volcanoes . Explain.
- Acidic and basic lava shield
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Visit Mrunal.org/Geography for More study material on Geography
thank you mrunal sir and Dr kevin sir … very very helpful series .. \,,/
cant download pdf file pls help
Thanks Very Much to Mr. Mrunal Sir… & Its associates faculty Member…. Thank you very much
Awesome pdf sir, could you provide video lectures of this series and Indian polity also.Ritanjali mam video + this pdfs cover geography well but for polity please provide some good lectures mrunal sir.
Mrunal Sir, Please try to make available these Geography Videos. After seeing the Pdf File I Found Them Beneficial.
Please :)
Sir, I have finished Rajtanil Ma’am videos on Geography already and found them extremely useful. Does Dr. Kevin slides still needed? I found them a bit more technical and difficult to understand.
sir video upload kijiye…..please
very difficult to understand
sir video upload kijiye…..please
very difficult to understand
Mrunal Sir Please provide the videos….you can charge if required ..
What is the right age to start our preparation for upsc exams
sir pl upload video
sir plz provide the videos
Thank you Sir for such inputs. Helps me revised better.
Sir please upload video
cant download pdf file pls help
Helpful..